PostgreSQL源码编译安装（Linux）+回归测试

司元

已于 2024-07-31 13:22:59 修改

阅读量1.7k

点赞数 25

分类专栏： PostgreSQL 文章标签： postgresql 数据库

于 2024-07-31 13:20:53 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/L1758/article/details/140813260

版权

PostgreSQL 专栏收录该内容

4 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

示例1、为一个简单的函数add_numbers编写回归测试

以postgresql-14.6、CentOS7为例

一、官网postgresql 安装包下载

[root@admin /]# yum -y install wget

[root@admin /]# wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v14.6/postgresql-14.6.tar.gz

二、安装所需的依赖包

[root@admin /]# yum install -y perl-ExtUtils-Embed readline-devel zlib-devel pam-devel libxml2-devel libxslt-devel openldap-devel python-devel gcc-c++ openssl-devel cmake

三、源码编译安装

创建文件夹，将postgresql的压缩包移入

[root@admin /]# mkdir /soft
[root@admin /]# mv postgresql-14.6.tar.gz /soft/

[root@admin /]# cd /soft/
[root@admin soft]# ls
postgresql-14.6.tar.gz

[root@admin soft]# tar -zxvf postgresql-14.6.tar.gz
postgresql-14.6/
postgresql-14.6/.dir-locals.el
postgresql-14.6/contrib/
postgresql-14.6/contrib/tcn/
postgresql-14.6/contrib/tcn/tcn.control
postgresql-14.6/contrib/tcn/Makefile
postgresql-14.6/contrib/tcn/tcn.c
...

postgresql-14.6/doc/KNOWN_BUGS
postgresql-14.6/doc/Makefile
postgresql-14.6/doc/TODO
postgresql-14.6/doc/MISSING_FEATURES
postgresql-14.6/HISTORY
postgresql-14.6/Makefile
postgresql-14.6/README
postgresql-14.6/COPYRIGHT
postgresql-14.6/GNUmakefile.in
postgresql-14.6/.gitattributes
postgresql-14.6/aclocal.m4
postgresql-14.6/INSTALL

进入解压后的文件夹

[root@admin soft]# cd postgresql-14.6
[root@admin postgresql-14.6]# ls
aclocal.m4 config configure configure.ac contrib COPYRIGHT doc GNUmakefile.in HISTORY INSTALL Makefile README src

创建postgresql的目录，编译postgresql源码

[root@admin postgresql-14.6]# mkdir -p /opt/pgsql/postgresql

[root@localhost postgresql-14.6]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/pgsql/postgresql

checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking which template to use... linux
checking whether NLS is wanted... no
checking for default port number... 5432
checking for block size... 8kB
checking for segment size... 1GB
checking for WAL block size... 8kB
checking for gcc... gcc
...

configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating GNUmakefile
config.status: creating src/Makefile.global
config.status: creating src/include/pg_config.h
config.status: creating src/include/pg_config_ext.h
config.status: creating src/interfaces/ecpg/include/ecpg_config.h
config.status: linking src/backend/port/tas/dummy.s to src/backend/port/tas.s
config.status: linking src/backend/port/posix_sema.c to src/backend/port/pg_sema.c
config.status: linking src/backend/port/sysv_shmem.c to src/backend/port/pg_shmem.c
config.status: linking src/include/port/linux.h to src/include/pg_config_os.h
config.status: linking src/makefiles/Makefile.linux to src/Makefile.port

源码编译安装

[root@admin postgresql-14.6]# make && make install

make -C ./src/backend generated-headers
make[1]: Entering directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/src/backend'
make -C catalog distprep generated-header-symlinks
make[2]: Entering directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/src/backend/catalog'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `distprep'.
prereqdir=`cd './' >/dev/null && pwd` && \

...

make[2]: Leaving directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/src/test/isolation'
make -C test/perl all
make[2]: Entering directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/src/test/perl'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `all'.
make[2]: Leaving directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/src/test/perl'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/src'
make -C config all
make[1]: Entering directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/config'
make[1]: Nothing to be done for `all'.
make[1]: Leaving directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/config'

[root@localhost postgresql-14.6]# make install

make -C ./src/backend generated-headers
make[1]: Entering directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/src/backend'
make -C catalog distprep generated-header-symlinks
make[2]: Entering directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/src/backend/catalog'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `distprep'.
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `generated-header-symlinks'.
make[2]: Leaving directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/src/backend/catalog'
make -C utils distprep generated-header-symlinks
make[2]: Entering directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/src/backend/utils'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `distprep'.
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `generated-header-symlinks'.
make[2]: Leaving directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/src/backend/utils'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/src/backend'

...

/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./nls-global.mk '/opt/pgsql/postgresql/lib/pgxs/src/nls-global.mk'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/src'
make -C config install
make[1]: Entering directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/config'
/usr/bin/mkdir -p '/opt/pgsql/postgresql/lib/pgxs/config'
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 ./install-sh '/opt/pgsql/postgresql/lib/pgxs/config/install-sh'
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 ./missing '/opt/pgsql/postgresql/lib/pgxs/config/missing'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/soft/postgresql-14.6/config'

完成postgreql的安装。检查。

[root@admin postgresql-14.6]# cd /opt/pgsql/postgresql/
[root@admin postgresql]# pwd
/opt/pgsql/postgresql

[root@admin postgresql]# ls

bin include lib share

四、创建用户和用户组

创建用户组postgres、用户postgres

[root@admin postgresql]# groupadd postgres
[root@admin postgresql]# useradd -g postgres postgres
[root@admin postgresql]# id postgres
uid=1002(postgres) gid=1002(postgres) groups=1002(postgres)

五、创建数据主目录

创建postgresql数据库的数据主目录并修改文件所有者
数据库主目录是随实际情况而不同，这里的主目录是在/pgsql/postgresql/data目录下

[root@admin postgresql]# cd /opt/pgsql/postgresql
[root@admin postgresql]# mkdir data
[root@admin postgresql]# chown postgres:postgres data

[root@admin postgresql]# ls -la

total 20
drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 68 Jul 29 10:42 .
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 24 Jul 29 09:34 ..
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 10:42 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Jul 31 08:38 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 Jul 29 10:42 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Jul 29 10:42 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 Jul 29 10:42 share

六、配置环境变量

进入home/postgres目录可以看到.bash_profile文件。

[root@admin postgresql]# cd /home/postgres/
[root@admin postgres]# ls -la

total 24
drwx------. 5 postgres postgres 165 Jul 29 12:23 .
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 51 Jul 29 09:41 ..
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 120 Jul 29 12:23 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--. 1 postgres postgres 18 Apr 1 2020 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--. 1 postgres postgres 297 Jul 29 10:45 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r--. 1 postgres postgres 231 Apr 1 2020 .bashrc
drwxrwxr-x. 3 postgres postgres 18 Jul 29 10:46 .cache
drwxrwxr-x. 3 postgres postgres 18 Jul 29 10:46 .config
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 39 Jul 11 08:28 .mozilla
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 6 Jul 29 12:23 .psql_history
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 1184 Jul 29 10:57 .viminfo

修改.bash_profile文件。

[root@admin postgres]# vi .bash_profile
[root@admin postgres]# cat .bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

export PATH

export PGHOME=/opt/pgsql/postgresql
export PGDATA=$PGHOME/data
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$PGHOME/bin

保存，退出vi。执行以下命令，使环境变量生效

[root@admin postgres]# source .bash_profile

七、initdb初使化数据库

切换用户到postgres并使用initdb初使化数据库

[root@admin postgres]# su - postgres

[postgres@admin ~]$ initdb

The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.UTF-8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /opt/pgsql/postgresql/data ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
selecting default max_connections ... 100
selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
selecting default time zone ... PRC
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok

initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or
--auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.

Success. You can now start the database server using:

pg_ctl -D /opt/pgsql/postgresql/data -l logfile start

查看/pgsql/postgresql/data目录，看是否初始化成功

[postgres@admin ~]$ ls -lh $PGDATA
total 68K
drwx------. 5 postgres postgres 41 Jul 29 10:46 base
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 4.0K Jul 31 08:35 global
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 6 Jul 29 10:46 pg_commit_ts
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 6 Jul 29 10:46 pg_dynshmem
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 4.8K Jul 29 10:57 pg_hba.conf
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 1.6K Jul 29 10:46 pg_ident.conf
drwx------. 4 postgres postgres 68 Jul 31 08:43 pg_logical
drwx------. 4 postgres postgres 36 Jul 29 10:46 pg_multixact
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 6 Jul 29 10:46 pg_notify
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 6 Jul 29 10:46 pg_replslot
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 6 Jul 29 10:46 pg_serial
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 6 Jul 29 10:46 pg_snapshots
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 6 Jul 31 08:38 pg_stat
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 25 Jul 31 09:22 pg_stat_tmp
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 18 Jul 29 10:46 pg_subtrans
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 6 Jul 29 10:46 pg_tblspc
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 6 Jul 29 10:46 pg_twophase
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 3 Jul 29 10:46 PG_VERSION
drwx------. 3 postgres postgres 60 Jul 29 10:46 pg_wal
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 18 Jul 29 10:46 pg_xact
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 88 Jul 29 10:46 postgresql.auto.conf
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 29K Jul 29 10:56 postgresql.conf
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 69 Jul 31 08:38 postmaster.opts
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 84 Jul 31 08:38 postmaster.pid
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres 2.6K Jul 31 08:38 serverlog

八、配置服务

修改/opt/pgsql/postgresql/data目录下postgresql.conf文件，该文件配置PostgreSQL数据库服务器的相应的参数。

[postgres@admin ~]$ cd /opt/pgsql/postgresql/data

[postgres@admin data]$ vi postgresql.conf
[postgres@admin data]$ cat postgresql.conf

...

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CONNECTIONS AND AUTHENTICATION
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# - Connection Settings -

listen_addresses = '*' # what IP address(es) to listen on;
# comma-separated list of addresses;
# defaults to 'localhost'; use '*' for all
# (change requires restart)
port = 5432 # (change requires restart)
max_connections = 100 # (change requires restart)

...

修改/opt/pgsql/postgresql/data目录下pg_hba.conf 文件，该文件配置对数据库的访问权限。

[postgres@admin data]$ vi pg_hba.conf
[postgres@admin data]$ cat pg_hba.conf

...

# 添加下面这一行

# IPv4 local connections:
host all all 0.0.0.0/0 trust
host all all 127.0.0.1/32 trust

...

九、设置开机自启动

PostgreSQL的开机自启动脚本位于PostgreSQL源码目录的contrib/start-scripts路径下。linux文件即为linux系统上的启动脚本。需切换为root用户。

[postgres@admin start-scripts]$ su root

[root@admin data]# cd /soft/postgresql-14.6/contrib/start-scripts
[root@admin start-scripts]# ls
freebsd linux macos

切换为root用户，修改linux文件属性，添加X属性

[root@admin start-scripts]# chmod a+x linux

复制linux文件到/etc/init.d目录下，更名为postgresql

[root@admin start-scripts]# cp linux /etc/init.d/postgresql

修改/etc/init.d/postgresql文件的两个变量

[root@admin start-scripts]# vi /etc/init.d/postgresql

[root@admin start-scripts]# cat /etc/init.d/postgresql

...

## EDIT FROM HERE

# Installation prefix
#prefix=/usr/local/pgsql
prefix=/opt/pgsql/postgresql

# Data directory
#PGDATA="/usr/local/pgsql/data"
PGDATA="/opt/pgsql/postgresql/data"

...

设置postgresql服务开机自启动

[root@admin start-scripts]# chkconfig --add postgresql
[root@admin start-scripts]# chkconfig

Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
systemd configuration.

If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
To see services enabled on particular target use
'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.

netconsole 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
postgresql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

十、设置防火墙

安装依赖包

[root@admin /]# yum -y install firewalld

设置防火墙

[root@admin start-scripts]# systemctl start firewalld
[root@admin start-scripts]# systemctl enable firewalld
[root@admin start-scripts]# systemctl status firewalld

● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2024-07-31 08:35:51 CST; 56min ago
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
Main PID: 670 (firewalld)
Tasks: 2
CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service
└─670 /usr/bin/python2 -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid

添加postgresql服务到防火墙，并加载

[root@admin start-scripts]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=postgresql
success
[root@admin start-scripts]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

查看端口是否开放

[root@admin start-scripts]# /sbin/iptables -L -n

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
INPUT_direct all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
INPUT_ZONES_SOURCE all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
INPUT_ZONES all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

...

Chain IN_public_deny (1 references)
target prot opt source destination

Chain IN_public_log (1 references)
target prot opt source destination

Chain OUTPUT_direct (1 references)
target prot opt source destination

十一、启动数据库服务

启动PostgreSQL服务

[root@admin start-scripts]# service postgresql start
Starting PostgreSQL: ok

查看PostgreSQL服务，确认是否启动成功

[root@admin start-scripts]# ps -ef | grep postgres
postgres 6258 1 0 08:40 ? 00:00:00 /opt/pgsql/postgresql/bin/postmaster -D /opt/pgsql/postgresql/data
postgres 6260 6258 0 08:40 ? 00:00:00 postgres: checkpointer
postgres 6261 6258 0 08:40 ? 00:00:00 postgres: background writer
postgres 6262 6258 0 08:40 ? 00:00:00 postgres: walwriter
postgres 6263 6258 0 08:40 ? 00:00:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher
postgres 6264 6258 0 08:40 ? 00:00:00 postgres: stats collector
postgres 6265 6258 0 08:40 ? 00:00:00 postgres: logical replication launcher
root 7327 6014 0 08:40 pts/0 00:00:00 su - postgres
postgres 7328 7327 0 08:40 pts/0 00:00:00 -bash
postgres 102365 7328 0 09:36 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef
postgres 102366 7328 0 09:36 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto postgres