Android实验八——使用Intent回传数据

一、实验要求和目的

1. 掌握使用Intent回传数据的基本方法。
2. 掌握GridView控件的使用方法。

二、实验环境

1. 部署有Android Studio和Android SDK的主机；
2. 建议在机房的HelloWorld例子上完成。

三、上机操作参考步骤

1、 完成带选择头像功能的用户注册应用程序开发。  图1为该应用的首界面(即主Activity)，用户在编辑框中可录入个人注册信息，点击“选择头像”按钮后启动图2所示的界面(即第二个Activity)，在图2中点击选择某个头像后返回到图3(仍然是主Activity)，并把选择的头像显示出来。

      

布局文件

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="84dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="108dp"
        android:text="用户名:"
        android:textSize="20dp"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editText"
        android:layout_width="114dp"
        android:layout_height="46dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="100dp"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/textView"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editText2"
        android:layout_width="114dp"
        android:layout_height="46dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="12dp"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/textView2"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/editText" />

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editText3"
        android:layout_width="114dp"
        android:layout_height="46dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="12dp"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/textView3"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/editText2" />

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="114dp"
        android:layout_height="46dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="12dp"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/textView4"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/editText3" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="84dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="32dp"
        android:text="密码:"
        android:textSize="20dp"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView3"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="84dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="32dp"
        android:text="确认密码:"
        android:textSize="20dp"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView2" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView4"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="84dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="32dp"
        android:text="E-mail地址:"
        android:textSize="20dp"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView3" />

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv_portrait"
        android:layout_width="91dp"
        android:layout_height="84dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="28dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="84dp"
        android:scaleType="centerInside"
        android:src="@drawable/icon"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.025"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/editText"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_choose"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="4dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="16dp"
        android:text="选择头像"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="1.0"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/editText"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/iv_portrait" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

activity_new.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".NewActivity">

    <GridLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:columnCount="3"
        android:rowCount="3"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="1.0">

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/iv_p1"
            android:layout_width="118dp"
            android:layout_height="128dp"
            android:adjustViewBounds="true"
            android:src="@drawable/img01" />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/iv_p2"
            android:layout_width="109dp"
            android:layout_height="125dp"
            android:adjustViewBounds="true"
            android:src="@drawable/img02" />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/iv_p3"
            android:layout_width="120dp"
            android:layout_height="130dp"
            android:adjustViewBounds="true"
            android:src="@drawable/img03" />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/iv_p4"
            android:layout_width="114dp"
            android:layout_height="108dp"
            android:adjustViewBounds="true"
            android:src="@drawable/img04" />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/iv_p5"
            android:layout_width="108dp"
            android:layout_height="109dp"
            android:adjustViewBounds="true"
            android:src="@drawable/img05" />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/iv_p6"
            android:layout_width="118dp"
            android:layout_height="110dp"
            android:adjustViewBounds="true"
            android:src="@drawable/img06" />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/iv_p7"
            android:layout_width="120dp"
            android:layout_height="122dp"
            android:adjustViewBounds="true"
            android:src="@drawable/img07" />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/iv_p8"
            android:layout_width="112dp"
            android:layout_height="122dp"
            android:adjustViewBounds="true"
            android:src="@drawable/img08" />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/iv_p9"
            android:layout_width="120dp"
            android:layout_height="122dp"
            android:adjustViewBounds="true"
            android:src="@drawable/img09" />


    </GridLayout>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.example.test8;


import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private ImageView iv_portrait;
    private Button btn_choose;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        init();
        chooseportrait();
    }

    //初始化
    private void init(){
        iv_portrait=findViewById(R.id.iv_portrait);
        btn_choose=findViewById(R.id.btn_choose);
    }

    //点击“选择头像”，进入NewActivity，等待回传的数据
    private void chooseportrait(){
        btn_choose.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,NewActivity.class);
                //启动指定Activity并等待返回的结果，其中0是请求码，用于标识该请求。
                startActivityForResult(intent,0);
            }
        });
    }

    //该方法以回调方式来获取指定Activity返回的结果
    @Override
    public void onActivityResult(int requestCode,int resultCode,Intent intent){
        if(requestCode==0&&resultCode==0){
            Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();
            iv_portrait.setImageResource(bundle.getInt("imageid"));
        }
    }

}

NewActivity.java

package com.example.test8;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Parcelable;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class NewActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private ImageView iv_p1, iv_p2, iv_p3, iv_p4, iv_p5, iv_p6, iv_p7, iv_p8, iv_p9;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_new);
        init();
    }

    //初始化
    private void init() {
        iv_p1 = findViewById(R.id.iv_p1);
        iv_p2 = findViewById(R.id.iv_p2);
        iv_p3 = findViewById(R.id.iv_p3);
        iv_p4 = findViewById(R.id.iv_p4);
        iv_p5 = findViewById(R.id.iv_p5);
        iv_p6 = findViewById(R.id.iv_p6);
        iv_p7 = findViewById(R.id.iv_p7);
        iv_p8 = findViewById(R.id.iv_p8);
        iv_p9 = findViewById(R.id.iv_p9);

        iv_p1.setOnClickListener(this);
        iv_p2.setOnClickListener(this);
        iv_p3.setOnClickListener(this);
        iv_p4.setOnClickListener(this);
        iv_p5.setOnClickListener(this);
        iv_p6.setOnClickListener(this);
        iv_p7.setOnClickListener(this);
        iv_p8.setOnClickListener(this);
        iv_p9.setOnClickListener(this);

    }

    //根据点击了哪个ImageView决定返回哪个ImageView的图片资源ID
    public void onClick(View v) {
        Intent intent = getIntent();
        int srcid;
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.iv_p1:
                srcid=this.getResources().getIdentifier("img01","drawable",this.getPackageName());
                intent.putExtra("imageid", srcid);
                NewActivity.this.setResult(0,intent);
                NewActivity.this.finish();
                break;
            case R.id.iv_p2:
                srcid=this.getResources().getIdentifier("img02","drawable",this.getPackageName());
                intent.putExtra("imageid",  srcid);
                NewActivity.this.setResult(0,intent);
                NewActivity.this.finish();
                break;
            case R.id.iv_p3:
                srcid=this.getResources().getIdentifier("img03","drawable",this.getPackageName());
                intent.putExtra("imageid",  srcid);
                NewActivity.this.setResult(0,intent);
                NewActivity.this.finish();
                break;
            case R.id.iv_p4:
                srcid=this.getResources().getIdentifier("img04","drawable",this.getPackageName());
                intent.putExtra("imageid",  srcid);
                NewActivity.this.setResult(0,intent);
                NewActivity.this.finish();
                break;
            case R.id.iv_p5:
                srcid=this.getResources().getIdentifier("img05","drawable",this.getPackageName());
                intent.putExtra("imageid",  srcid);
                NewActivity.this.setResult(0,intent);
                NewActivity.this.finish();
                break;
            case R.id.iv_p6:
                srcid=this.getResources().getIdentifier("img06","drawable",this.getPackageName());
                intent.putExtra("imageid",  srcid);
                NewActivity.this.setResult(0,intent);
                NewActivity.this.finish();
                break;
            case R.id.iv_p7:
                srcid=this.getResources().getIdentifier("img07","drawable",this.getPackageName());
                intent.putExtra("imageid",  srcid);
                NewActivity.this.setResult(0,intent);
                NewActivity.this.finish();
                break;
            case R.id.iv_p8:
                srcid=this.getResources().getIdentifier("img08","drawable",this.getPackageName());
                intent.putExtra("imageid",  srcid);
                NewActivity.this.setResult(0,intent);
                NewActivity.this.finish();
                break;
            case R.id.iv_p9:
                srcid=this.getResources().getIdentifier("img09","drawable",this.getPackageName());
                intent.putExtra("imageid",  srcid);
                NewActivity.this.setResult(0,intent);
                NewActivity.this.finish();
                break;
        }
    }

}