一.实验目的
- 掌握组件化开发的概念,了解CORBA模型及ORB机制;
- 掌握CORBA组件编程方法。
二、实验内容
步骤:
1.配制环境JDK环境。
2.编写编译IDL接口。
3.编写编译服务端程序。
4.编写编译客户端程序。
5.运行测试与调试。
6.完成报告。
题目1:Java版CORBA程序1——HelloWorld
题目2:JAVA版CORBA程序2——Counter
三、要求
1.题目分析
(1)
①新建一个文件夹,在文件夹里新建一个idl文档,编写idl接口HelloWorld;
②在cmd窗口中编译IDL接口:C:\Users\lenovo\Desktop\HelloWorld>idlj –fall HelloWorld.idl,生成sample包,内有文件:
_HelloWorldStub.java(客户端的stub类,为客户提供CORBA服务功能,实现了客户端的HelloWorld.java接口)
HelloWorld.java(IDL接口的Java语言实现,是方法sayHello()的实现)
HelloWorldHelper.java(提供了许多辅助功能的方法,主要是narrow()方法,它将CORBA对象引用转化成适合的类型)
HelloWorldHolder.java(提供了有关参数操作的实现,这些参数在CORBA中使用,但Java语言中没有直接的对应)
HelloWorldOperations.java(用Java语言描述IDL的接口)
HelloWorldPOA.java
③在cmd窗口中编写并编译服务端程序HelloWorldServer.java、HelloWorld.Client,操作如下:
在文件夹中会生成HelloWorldServer.class、HelloWorldServant.class、HelloWorldClient.class
④运行:
启动名字服务器:X:\corba >tnameserv -ORBInitialPort 1050
启动服务端程序:X:\corba >java HelloWorldServer -ORBInitialPort 1050
输出:HelloWorld is running
启动客户端程序:X:\corba >java HelloWorldClient -ORBInitialPort 1050
输出:Hello World! 软工1703 李倩
(2)
①新建一个文件夹,在文件夹里新建一个idl文档,编写idl接口Counter;
②在cmd窗口中编译IDL接口:C:\Users\lenovo\Desktop\Counter>idlj –fall counter.idl,生成sample包,内有文件:
_CounterStub.java(客户端的stub类,为客户提供CORBA服务功能,实现了客户端的Counter.java接口)
Counter.java(IDL接口的Java语言实现,是方法sayHello()的实现)
CounterHelper.java(提供了许多辅助功能的方法,主要是narrow()方法,它将CORBA对象引用转化成适合的类型)
CounterHolder.java(提供了有关参数操作的实现,这些参数在CORBA中使用,但Java语言中没有直接的对应)
CounterOperations.java(用Java语言描述IDL的接口)
CounterPOA.java
③在cmd窗口中编写并编译服务端程序CounterImpl.java、Server.java、Client.java,操作如下:
在文件夹中会生成Server.class、CounterImpl.class、Client.class
④运行:
启动名字服务器:X:\corba >tnameserv -ORBInitialPort 1050
启动服务端程序:X:\corba >java Server -ORBInitialPort 1050
输出:Server started. Stop: Ctrl-c
启动客户端程序:X:\corba >java Client -ORBInitialPort 1050
2.CORBA模型分析
题目1:
题目2:
3.组件实现(代码)
题目1.Java版CORBA程序1——HelloWorld
①编写IDL接口HelloWorld.idl:
module sample{
interface HelloWorld{
wstring sayHello();
};
};
说明:CORBA处理字符串有:String和wstring两种类型,string类型主要用于处理ASCII类型的字符串,wstring用于处理多字节的字符串,例如:中文。
②编译IDL接口:C:\Users\lenovo\Desktop\Counter>idlj –fall counter.idl
编译结果生成sample包,生成下述文件
_HelloWorldStub.java
HelloWorld.java
HelloWorldHelper.java
HelloWorldHolder.java
HelloWorldOperations.java
HelloWorldPOA.java
注意:该路径和idl文档的文件夹路径一样
③编写并编译服务端程序:HelloWorldServer.java
import sample.*;
import org.omg.CosNaming.*;
import org.omg.CosNaming.NamingContextPackage.*;
import org.omg.CORBA.*;
import org.omg.CORBA.portable.*;
import org.omg.PortableServer.*;
class HelloWorldServant extends HelloWorldPOA{ //对象实现类
public String sayHello(){
return "\nHello World! 软工1703 李倩\n";
}
}
public class HelloWorldServer{ //服务程序
public static void main(String args[]){
try{
//初始化ORB
ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null);
//取根POA的引用
org.omg.CORBA.Object poaobj = orb.resolve_initial_references ("RootPOA");
org.omg.PortableServer.POA rootPOA = org.omg.PortableServer.POAHelper.narrow(poaobj);
org.omg.PortableServer.POAManager manager = rootPOA.the_POAManager();
//创建伺服对象
HelloWorldServant objRef = new HelloWorldServant();
HelloWorld obj = objRef._this(orb);
//绑定命名服务
NamingContext ncRef = NamingContextHelper.narrow(orb.resolve_initial_references("NameService"));
NameComponent nc = new NameComponent("Hello", "");
NameComponent path[] = {nc};
ncRef.rebind(path, obj);
//激活POA管理器
manager.activate();
//等待处理客户程序的请求
System.out.println("HelloWorld is running!");
orb.run();
}catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("ERROR: " + e);
e.printStackTrace(System.out);
}
}
}
④编写并编译客户端程序: HelloWorldClient.java
import sample.*;
import org.omg.CosNaming.*;
import org.omg.CORBA.*;
public class HelloWorldClient {
public static void main(String args[]) {
try{
ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null);
org.omg.CORBA.Object objRef = orb.resolve_initial_references("NameService");
NamingContext ncRef = NamingContextHelper.narrow(objRef);
NameComponent nc = new NameComponent("Hello","");
NameComponent path[] = {nc};
HelloWorld helloWorld = HelloWorldHelper.narrow(ncRef.resolve(path));
String hello = helloWorld.sayHello();
System.out.println(hello);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("ERROR : " + e) ;
e.printStackTrace(System.out);
}
}
}
⑤运行
启动名字服务器:X:\corba >tnameserv -ORBInitialPort 1050
启动服务端程序:X:\corba >java HelloWorldServer -ORBInitialPort 1050
输出:HelloWorld is running
启动客户端程序:X:\corba >java HelloWorldClient -ORBInitialPort 1050
输出:Hello World! 软工1703 李倩
题目2.JAVA版CORBA程序2——Counter
①编写IDL接口counter.idl:
module CounterApp{
interface Counter{
readonly attribute long value;
void inc();
void dec();
};
};
②编译IDL接口:C:\Users\lenovo\Desktop\Counter>idlj –fall counter.idl
编译结果生成CounterApp包,生成下述文件
_CounterStub.java
Counter.java
CounterHelper.java
CounterHolder.java
CounterOperations.java
CounterPOA.java
注意:该路径和idl文档的文件夹路径一样
③编写并编译对象实现代码:CounterImpl.java
import CounterApp.*;
public class CounterImpl extends CounterPOA {
private int count;
public CounterImpl(){
count = 0;
}
public void inc(){
count++;
}
public void dec(){
count --;
}
public int value(){
return count;
}
}
④编写并编译服务端程序: Server.java
import CounterApp.*;
import java.io.*;
import org.omg.CosNaming.*;
import org.omg.CosNaming.NamingContextPackage.*;
import org.omg.CORBA.*;
import org.omg.CORBA.portable.*;
import org.omg.PortableServer.*;
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args){
try{
ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null);
org.omg.CORBA.Object poaobj = orb.resolve_initial_references ("RootPOA");
org.omg.PortableServer.POA rootPOA = org.omg.PortableServer.POAHelper.narrow(poaobj);
org.omg.PortableServer.POAManager manager = rootPOA.the_POAManager();
CounterImpl c_impl = new CounterImpl();
Counter c = c_impl._this(orb);
NamingContext ncRef = NamingContextHelper.narrow(orb.resolve_initial_references("NameService"));
NameComponent nc = new NameComponent("Count", "");
NameComponent path[] = {nc};
ncRef.rebind(path, c);
FileOutputStream file = new FileOutputStream("Counter.ref");
PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(file);
String ref = orb.object_to_string(c);
writer.println(ref);
writer.flush();
file.close();
System.out.println("Server started."+" Stop:Ctrl-c");
rootPOA.the_POAManager().activate();
orb.run();
}catch(IOException ex){
System.out.println("File error:"+ex.getMessage());
System.exit(2);
}catch(Exception ex){
System.out.println("Exception: "+ex.getMessage());
System.exit(1);
}
}
}
⑤编写并编译客户端程序: Client.java
import CounterApp.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
import org.omg.CORBA.*;
import org.omg.CosNaming.*;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args){
try{
ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null);
org.omg.CORBA.Object obj = orb.resolve_initial_references("NameService");
NamingContext ncRef = NamingContextHelper.narrow(obj);
NameComponent nc = new NameComponent("Count","");
NameComponent path[] = {nc};
String ref = null;
try{
Scanner reader = new Scanner(new File("Counter.ref"));
ref = reader.nextLine();
}catch(IOException ex){
System.out.println("File error: "+ex.getMessage());
System.exit(2);
}
obj = orb.string_to_object(ref);
if(obj == null){
System.out.println("Invalid IOR");
System.exit(4);
}
Counter c = null;
try{
c = CounterHelper.narrow(obj);
}catch(BAD_PARAM ex){
System.out.println("Narrowing failed");
System.exit(3);
}
int inp = -1;
do{
System.out.print("Counter value: "+c.value()+"\nAction(+/-/e)?");
System.out.flush();
do{
try{
inp = System.in.read();
}catch(IOException ioe){}
}while(inp != '+' && inp != '-' && inp != 'e');
if(inp == '+')
c.inc();
else if(inp == '-')
c.dec();
}while(inp != 'e');
}catch(Exception ex){
System.out.println("Exception: "+ex.getMessage());
System.exit(1);
}
}
}
⑥运行
启动名字服务器:X:\corba >tnameserv -ORBInitialPort 1050
启动服务端程序:X:\corba >java Server -ORBInitialPort 1050
输出:Server started. Stop: Ctrl-c
启动客户端程序:X:\corba >java Client -ORBInitialPort 1050
4.运行结果
(1)题目一:
(2)题目二:
5.
经验归纳
第一次接触组件化开发,遇到的问题很多,比如,在建idl文档时,把后缀没有改正确,导致在cmd窗口编译时找不到文件,还有环境变量的问题,刚开始不能在cmd窗口中进行编译。要注意的是,运行服务器、服务端程序和客户端程序要启动三个cmd窗口,还有,在进行第三部时要注意后缀,在cmd窗口编译时,格式为:javac+文件名.java。