步骤1.新建java项目:JPAManyToMany,将hibernate包以及mysql驱动包导入
步骤2.在类路径下新建xml文件persistence.xml,将其放入META-INF文件夹下,其代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd" version="1.0"> <persistence-unit name="itcast" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"> <properties> <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/itcast?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" /> <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver" /> <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root" /> <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="root" /> <property name="hibernate.max_fetch_depth" value="3" /> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" /> </properties> </persistence-unit> </persistence>
步骤3.编写实体Bean类
Student代码如下:
package cn.itcast.bean;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
public class Student {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Set<Teacher> teachers = new HashSet<Teacher>();
public Student(){}
public Student(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
/**
*Student为关系的维护端,有对外键增删改查的权利
*在关系的维护端创建关系表为student_teacher,并指定了关系被维护端的外键为teacher_id,
*关系维护端的外键为student_id
* @JoinTable(name="student_teacher",inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="teacher_id")
* ,joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="student_id"))
*/
@ManyToMany(cascade=CascadeType.REFRESH)
@JoinTable(name="student_teacher",inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="teacher_id")
,joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="student_id"))
public Set<Teacher> getTeachers() {
return teachers;
}
public void setTeachers(Set<Teacher> teachers) {
this.teachers = teachers;
}
@Id @GeneratedValue
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
@Column(length=10,nullable=false)
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
/**
* 增加teacher的方法
*/
public void addTeacher(Teacher teacher){
this.teachers.add(teacher);
}
/**
* 删除teacher的方法
*/
public void removeTeacher(Teacher teacher){
/*
* 判断该集合中是否包含该方法,包含就删除掉,
* 要在Teacher.java中重载hashCode()和equals(Object obj)方法,
* 作用是为了判断这个集合中的teacher是否与要删除的teacher对象相等,根据id判断
*/
if(this.teachers.contains(teacher))
this.teachers.remove(teacher);
}
}
Teacher的代码如下:
package cn.itcast.bean;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
@Entity
public class Teacher {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Set<Student> students = new HashSet<Student>();
public Teacher(){}
public Teacher(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
/**
* mappedBy="teachers" 说明Teacher为关系被维护端,没有对外键增删改查的权利
*/
@ManyToMany(cascade=CascadeType.REFRESH,mappedBy="teachers")
public Set<Student> getStudents() {
return students;
}
public void setStudents(Set<Student> students) {
this.students = students;
}
@Id @GeneratedValue
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
@Column(length=10,nullable=false)
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int PRIME = 31;
int result = 1;
result = PRIME * result + ((id == null) ? 0 : id.hashCode());
return result;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
final Teacher other = (Teacher) obj;
if (id == null) {
if (other.id != null)
return false;
} else if (!id.equals(other.id))
return false;
return true;
}
}
步骤4.创建junit测试
package junit.test;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import cn.itcast.bean.Student;
import cn.itcast.bean.Teacher;
public class ManyToManyTest {
@BeforeClass
public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {
}
//分别保存老师和学生
@Test public void save(){
EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("itcast");
EntityManager em = factory.createEntityManager();
em.getTransaction().begin();
em.persist(new Student("小学生"));
em.persist(new Teacher("大老师"));
em.getTransaction().commit();
em.close();
factory.close();
}
//建立老师和学生的关系
@Test public void buildTS(){
EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("itcast");
EntityManager em = factory.createEntityManager();
em.getTransaction().begin();
Student student = em.getReference(Student.class, 1);
student.addTeacher(em.getReference(Teacher.class, 1));
em.getTransaction().commit();
em.close();
factory.close();
}
//解除老师和学生的关系
@Test public void removeTS(){
EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("itcast");
EntityManager em = factory.createEntityManager();
em.getTransaction().begin();
Student student = em.getReference(Student.class, 1);
student.removeTeacher(em.getReference(Teacher.class, 1));
em.getTransaction().commit();
em.close();
factory.close();
}
/**
* 删除老师
* 在删除老师的时候,因为老师是关系被维护端
* 所以要首先解除老师跟学生的关系,然后才能删除老师
*/
@Test public void deleteTeacher(){
EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("itcast");
EntityManager em = factory.createEntityManager();
em.getTransaction().begin();
Teacher teacher = em.getReference(Teacher.class, 1);
Student student = em.getReference(Student.class, 1);
student.removeTeacher(teacher);
em.remove(teacher);
em.getTransaction().commit();
em.close();
factory.close();
}
/**
* 删除学生
* 在删除学生的时候,因为学生是关系的维护端,
* 这样会直接解除老师跟学生的关系,并且可以删除掉学生
*/
@Test public void deleteStudent(){
EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("itcast");
EntityManager em = factory.createEntityManager();
em.getTransaction().begin();
Student student = em.getReference(Student.class, 1);
em.remove(student);
em.getTransaction().commit();
em.close();
factory.close();
}
}
看能将表创建出来,并插入数据即可。