hibernate多对多的关联

简介

1. 创建一个桥接表(中间表)，将一个多对多关系转换成两个一对多
2. hibernate可以直接映射多对多关联关系(看作两个一对多)

步骤

1. 创建两个实体类表book类跟category类

• book.java

public class Book implements Serializable{
	private Integer bookId;
	private String bookName;
	private Float price;
	
	private Set<Category> categories = new HashSet<Category>();//对应多个类别的关联关系
	private Integer initCategories = 0;

	public Integer getInitCategories() {
		return initCategories;
	}

	public void setInitCategories(Integer initCategories) {
		this.initCategories = initCategories;
	}

	public Integer getBookId() {
		return bookId;
	}

	public void setBookId(Integer bookId) {
		this.bookId = bookId;
	}

	public String getBookName() {
		return bookName;
	}

	public void setBookName(String bookName) {
		this.bookName = bookName;
	}

	public Float getPrice() {
		return price;
	}

	public void setPrice(Float price) {
		this.price = price;
	}

	public Set<Category> getCategories() {
		return categories;
	}

	public void setCategories(Set<Category> categories) {
		this.categories = categories;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Book [bookId=" + bookId + ", bookName=" + bookName + ", price=" + price + "]";
	}
	public Book(Integer bookId, String bookName) {
		super();
		this.bookId = bookId;
		this.bookName = bookName;
	}
	public Book() {
		super();
	}
}

• category.java

public class Category implements Serializable{
	private Integer categoryId;
	private String categoryName;
	private Set<Book> books = new HashSet<Book>();//对多本书籍表的关联关系
	public Integer getCategoryId() {
		return categoryId;
	}
	public void setCategoryId(Integer categoryId) {
		this.categoryId = categoryId;
	}
	public String getCategoryName() {
		return categoryName;
	}
	public void setCategoryName(String categoryName) {
		this.categoryName = categoryName;
	}
	public Set<Book> getBooks() {
		return books;
	}
	public void setBooks(Set<Book> books) {
		this.books = books;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Category [categoryId=" + categoryId + ", categoryName=" + categoryName + "]";
	}
}

2. 配置映射关系那就必须要用到set里中间表book_category建立关系

• book.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.hibernate.enetiy.Book" table="t_hibernate_book">
		<cache usage="read-only" region="com.hibernate.enetiy.Book"/>
		<id name="bookId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="book_id">
			<generator class="increment" />
		</id>
		<property name="bookName" type="java.lang.String"
			column="book_name">
		</property>
		<property name="price" type="java.lang.Float"
			column="price">
		</property>
		
		<!-- 
			table:代表的是中间表
			name：书籍类的关联属性
			inverse:中间表交予对方维护
			key：当前类对应的表列段在中间表（t_hibernate_book_category）中的外键bid
			many-to-many:
				column:对于地说上面key查出来中间表（t_hibernate_book_category）的另一个字段cid，
				当作关联表的主健（category_id）进行查询
				class：上述查出来的主健对应的实体类
			流程：以查询book_id =1 西游记这本书为例
				1、通过建模反射自动生成sql，可以拿到book_id =8这条记录的基本信息
				{book_id =1,book_name=西游记，pice =50}	
				2、book_id =1 ->bid =1 去查询中间表t_hibernate_book_categort,
				拿到了cid =1
				3、cid-8,9-》t_hibernate_book_categort的category_id=1
				4、拿到了当前book实例对应的category的集合
				5、最终{book_id =1,book_name=西游记，pice =50}	
			->>>{book_id =1,book_name=西游记，price =50,categories=[categoryId=2, categoryName=神话], Category [categoryId=1, categoryName=古典]}
		 -->
		 
		 <!-- set  inverse="false"是表维护中间表的概念t_hibernate_book_category   -->
		<set table="t_hibernate_book_category" name="categories" cascade="save-update" inverse="false">
			<!-- one -->
			<key column="bid"></key>
			<!-- many -->
			<many-to-many column="cid" class="com.hibernate.enetiy.Category"></many-to-many>
		</set>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

• category.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.hibernate.enetiy.Category" table="t_hibernate_category">
		<id name="categoryId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="category_id">
			<generator class="increment" />
		</id>
		<property name="categoryName" type="java.lang.String"
			column="category_name">
		</property>
		
		<!--set inverse="true"这是不维护这个中间表，t_hibernate_book_category   -->
		<set table="t_hibernate_book_category" name="books" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
			<key column="cid"></key>
			<many-to-many column="bid" class="com.hibernate.enetiy.Book"></many-to-many>
		</set>
		
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

3.配置主映射关系连接到数据库

• hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>
	<!-- 1. 数据库相关 -->
		<property name="connection.username">root</property>
		<property name="connection.password">123</property>
		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8
		</property>
		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
		<!-- 可以跟换方言可以打印出不同的sql语句 -->
		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>

		<!-- 配置本地事务（No CurrentSessionContext configured!） -->
		<property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>

		<!-- 2. 调试相关 -->
		<property name="show_sql">true</property>
		<property name="format_sql">true</property>

		<!-- 3.多对多的关联  -->
		<mapping resource="com/hibernate/enetiy/Book.hbm.xml" />
		<mapping resource="com/hibernate/enetiy/Category.hbm.xml" />
		
		</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

4.创建Book.dao方法

• Bookdao.java

public class BookDao{
	public Integer addBook(Book book) {//增加书籍方法
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		Integer bid = (Integer) session.save(book);
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
		return bid;
	}
	
	public Integer addCategory(Category category) {//增加书籍类别方法
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		Integer cid = (Integer) session.save(category);
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
		return cid;
	}
	
	public Category getCategory(Category category) {查询书籍类别方法
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		Category c = session.get(Category.class, category.getCategoryId());
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
		return c;
	}
	
	public Book getBook(Book book) {//查询书籍方法
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		Book b = session.get(Book.class, book.getBookId());
		if (b != null && new Integer(1).equals(book.getInitCategories())) {
			Hibernate.initialize(b.getCategories());
		}
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
		return b;
	}
	
	public void delBook(Book book) {//删除书籍的方法
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		session.delete(book);
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
	}
	
	public void delCategory(Category category) {//删除书籍类别的方法
		Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
		Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
		Category c = session.get(Category.class, category.getCategoryId());
		if(c!=null) {
			for (Book b : c.getBooks()) {
		//	通过在被控方通过主控方来解除关联关系，最后被控方再做删除
				b.getCategories().remove(c);
			}
		}
		session.delete(c);
		transaction.commit();
		session.close();
	}
}

5.执行测试增加，删除效果方法

• Bookdao.Test.java

public class BookDaoTest {
	private BookDao bookDao = new BookDao();

	@Test
	public void testGetBook() {//查询方法
		Book book = new Book();
		book.setBookId(1);
		book.setInitCategories(1);
		Book b = this.bookDao.getBook(book );
		System.out.println(b.getBookName());
		System.out.println(b.getCategories());
	}
@Test
	public void test1() {//增加方法
		/**
		 * 1、book：false   category:true ✓（代表意思是：将维护的责任交给book）
		 * 2、book： true   category:false ✓在新增类别的时候不能用第一种维护关系，必须所以第二种，因为（将关系（中间表）维护的责任交给book））
		 * 3、book：true   category:true  ✗出现错误：中间表无对象维护（类别新增但是中间没有数据）
		 *  4、book：false   category:false  ✗相同的数据加入就会在中间表中有重复的数据，到时候在查询的时候会重复的数据
		 */
		Book book = new Book();
		book.setBookName("红楼梦1");
		book.setPrice(10f);
		Category category = new Category();
		category.setCategoryId(5);
//		直接将category对象加入到新建的book中是错误的，因为此时的category是临时态的，hibernate是不会管理的
		Category c = this.bookDao.getCategory(category);
		
		book.getCategories().add(c);
		this.bookDao.addBook(book);
	}
	@Test
	public void delbook() {//删除书籍数据
		Book book = new Book();
		book.setBookId(5);
		this.bookDao.delBook(book);;
	
	}
	@Test
	public void delcategory() {//删除书籍类别方法
		Category category = new Category();
		category.setCategoryId(1);
		this.bookDao.delCategory(category);
	
	}