从0开始的Fragment基本使用以及GridView点击事件无响应处理

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最近开发中使用到Fragment,看了一下网上的资料都比较散,杂七杂八看了不少资料才搞定,所以记录一下自己从0开始怎么使用Fragment的.

一、添加并显示Fragment

1.首先需要新建一个类继承Fragment类,然后重写Fragment类中的onCreateView方法,返回一个rootview.
R.layout.fragment_first是自己写的一个xml布局,把需要的控件写进去后续会显示到activity的界面上

public class MyFragment extends Fragment {

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_first, container, false);
        return rootView;
    }

}

2.要使用Fragment需要Activity继承FragmentActivity,AppCompatActivity也是从FragmentActivity继承来的,一般可以直接继承AppCompatActivity.

public class MyActivity extends AppCompatActivity {}

3.Fragment需要放在容器中,一般可以使用FragmentContainerView,在activity的xml文件中添加

    <androidx.fragment.app.FragmentContainerView
        android:id="@+id/FragmentContainerView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

在activity中添加Fragment到容器中显示,第一次加载可以在oncreat中,后续可以在点击事件监听中调用show方法显示其他Fragment.
注意getSupportFragmentManager需要在FragmentActivity的子类中使用

    FragmentContainerView fragmentContainerView;
    FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction;
    MyFragment mFragment;
    MyOtherFragment mFragment2;
    Fragment mCurrentFragment;
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        fragmentContainerView = findViewById(R.id.FragmentContainerView);
  
        mFragment = new MYFragment();
        show(mFragment);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
    	if (null == mFragment2) {
			mFragment2 = new MyOtherFragment;
		}
    	show(mFragment2);
    }
    
    private void show (Fragment fragment){
        if (mCurrentFragment == fragment) {
            return;
        }

        fragmentTransaction = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();

        if (null == mCurrentFragment) {
            fragmentTransaction
                    .add(R.id.FragmentContainerView,fragment)
                    .show(fragment)
                    .commit();

            mCurrentFragment = fragment;
            return;
        }

        if (!fragment.isAdded()) {
            fragmentTransaction
                    .add(R.id.FragmentContainerView,fragment)
                    .hide(mCurrentFragment)
                    .show(fragment)
                    .commit();
        } else {
            fragmentTransaction
                    .hide(mCurrentFragment)
                    .show(fragment)
                    .commit();
        }

        mCurrentFragment = fragment;
    }

二、给Fragment的view中添加点击事件,这里演示需要适配器的GridView,不需要适配器的话直接拿到对象添加事件监听即可

代码如下（示例）：
通过onCreateView中返回的rootView来拿到对应ui的对象,可以保证操作的ui对象和activity中显示的对象是同一个

    GridView mGv;
    List<Data> mData;
    MyAdapter mAdapter;
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_first, container, false);
        initView(rootView);
        return rootView;
    }
    private void initView(View rootView) {
    
        if (null == mData) {
            mData = new ArrayList<Data>();
            mData.add(new Data("0",R.drawable.0));
            mData.add(new Data("1",R.drawable.1));
        }
        
        mAdapter = new MyAdapter(getActivity(),mData);
        
        mGv = rootView.findViewById(R.id.gridview);
        mGv.setAdapter(mAdapter);
        mGv.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
            	//you can do anything
            	
                }
            }
        });
        
    }
    

需要注意的是如果GridView的子view中有button之类的高优先级的view会导致onItemClick不触发,解决方案是给item中对应的view添加
android:focusable=“false”
android:clickable=“false”

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:focusable="false"
        android:clickable="false" />