==和equals的区别

我们用字符串的比较来进行演示==和equals的区别：
首先明确三点：

1.==比较的是两个引用指向的是否为同一个对象。
2.Java中String类的equals方法是被重写过的，它比较的是两个字符串中的内容是否相等。
3.equals方法在没有被重写的时候，它的功能是和==一模一样的。

看第一段代码：

public class equalsTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String s1 = "guQi";
        String s2 = "guQi";
    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"用==判断："</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1 <span class="token operator">==</span> s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"用equals判断："</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">equals</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

运行结果：
用==判断：
true
用equals判断：
true
public class equalsTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s1 = “guQi”;
String s2 = “guQi”;

    System.out.println("用==判断：");
    System.out.println(s1 == s2);

    System.out.println("用equals判断：");
    System.out.println(s1.equals(s2));
}

}

运行结果：
用==判断：
true
用equals判断：
true

这里段代码的执行逻辑是这样的：

1.当执行String s1 = "guQi";时，JVM在常量池中创建了"guQi"这个字符串常量，同时s1这个引用指向了该字符串常量。
2.当执行String s2 = "guQi";时，JVM先在常量池中寻找有没有"guQi"这个字符串常量，有的话就让s2直接指向该常量，不再创建新的字符串常量。显而易见这回它找到了，不用创建了。

因此这段代码中s1和s2既指向了同一个字符串常量（引用指向的对象相同，用==返回true），同时字符串常量还相等（equals返回true）。

不同的代码：

public class equalsTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String s1 = "guQi";
        String s2 = new String("guQi");
    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"用==判断："</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1 <span class="token operator">==</span> s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"用equals判断："</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">equals</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

}

运行结果：
用==判断：
false
用equals判断：
true
public class equalsTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s1 = “guQi”;
String s2 = new String(“guQi”);

    System.out.println("用==判断：");
    System.out.println(s1 == s2);

    System.out.println("用equals判断：");
    System.out.println(s1.equals(s2));
}

}

运行结果：
用==判断：
false
用equals判断：
true

这段代码的逻辑是这样的：

1.当执行String s1 = "guQi";时，JVM在常量池中创建了"guQi"这个字符串常量，同时s1这个引用指向了该字符串常量。（和第一段代码相同）
2.当执行String s2 = new String("guQi");时，JVM在堆内创建了一个新的对象，该对象的内容是"guQi"，同时s2这个引用指向了这个新对象。

因此这段代码中s1和s2指向的不是同一个对象（==返回的是false），但是内容都是字符串"guQi"(equals返回的是true)。