RecyclerView上放置CheckBox实现全选和单选，不选功能。

• res文件下的代码：
  (1)anim文件夹——listanim.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator"
    android:shareInterpolator="true">

    <scale
        android:duration="250"
        android:fromXScale="100%"
        android:fromYScale="0%"
        android:pivotX="0%"
        android:pivotY="0%"
        android:toXScale="100%"
        android:toYScale="100%" />
</set>

(2)layout—–activity_main.xml,list_item.xml

<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/list"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/commit"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="确定" />

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="10dp"
    android:orientation="horizontal">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/cb"
        android:layout_width="24dp"
        android:layout_height="24dp"
        android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
        android:visibility="invisible" />
</LinearLayout>

(3)menu文件夹下的———main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:yourapp="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
    <item
        android:id="@+id/all"
        android:title="全选"
        yourapp:showAsAction="always" />
    <item
        android:id="@+id/no_all"
        android:title="全不选"
        yourapp:showAsAction="always" />
</menu>

MainActivity:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
    private List<String> list;
    private ListAdapter adapter;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.list);
        findViewById(R.id.commit).setOnClickListener(this);
        initData();
        //布局管理器
        LinearLayoutManager manager = new LinearLayoutManager(this, LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL, false);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(manager);
        recyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);
        adapter = new ListAdapter(list, this);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
        //添加分割线
        recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new MyDecoration(this, MyDecoration.VERTICAL_LIST));
        adapter.setRecyclerViewOnItemClickListener(new ListAdapter.RecyclerViewOnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClickListener(View view, int position) {
                //设置选中的项
                adapter.setSelectItem(position);
            }

            @Override
            public boolean onItemLongClickListener(View view, int position) {
                adapter.setShowBox();
                //设置选中的项
                adapter.setSelectItem(position);
                adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                return true;
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        //获取你选中的item
        Map<Integer, Boolean> map = adapter.getMap();
        for (int i = 0; i < map.size(); i++) {
            if (map.get(i)) {
                Log.d("TAG", "你选了第：" + i + "项");
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        switch (item.getItemId()) {
            //全选
            case R.id.all:
                Map<Integer, Boolean> map = adapter.getMap();
                for (int i = 0; i < map.size(); i++) {
                    map.put(i, true);
                    adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                }
                break;
            //全不选
            case R.id.no_all:
                Map<Integer, Boolean> m = adapter.getMap();
                for (int i = 0; i < m.size(); i++) {
                    m.put(i, false);
                    adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                }
                break;
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }

    /**
     * 为列表添加测试数据
     */
    private void initData() {
        list=new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i=0;i<100;i++) {
            list.add("当前条目是"+i);
        }
    }
}

ListAdapter:

public class ListAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<ListAdapter.ViewHolder>
        implements View.OnClickListener, View.OnLongClickListener {
    //数据源
    private List<String> list;
    private Context context;
    //是否显示单选框,默认false
    private boolean isshowBox = true;
    // 存储勾选框状态的map集合
    private Map<Integer, Boolean> map = new HashMap<>();
    //接口实例
    private RecyclerViewOnItemClickListener onItemClickListener;

    public ListAdapter(List<String> list, Context context) {
        this.list = list;
        this.context = context;
        initMap();
    }

    //初始化map集合,默认为不选中
    private void initMap() {
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            map.put(i, false);
        }
    }

    //视图管理
    public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        private TextView title;
        private CheckBox checkBox;
        private View root;

        public ViewHolder(View root) {
            super(root);
            this.root = root;
            title = (TextView) root.findViewById(R.id.tv);
            checkBox = (CheckBox) root.findViewById(R.id.cb);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return list.size();
    }

    //绑定视图管理者
    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, final int position) {
        holder.title.setText(list.get(position));
        //长按显示/隐藏
        if (isshowBox) {
            holder.checkBox.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        } else {
            holder.checkBox.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
        }
        Animation animation = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(context, R.anim.list_anim);
        //设置checkBox显示的动画
        if (isshowBox)
            holder.checkBox.startAnimation(animation);
        //设置Tag
        holder.root.setTag(position);
        //设置checkBox改变监听
        holder.checkBox.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener() {

            @Override
            public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) {
                //用map集合保存
                map.put(position, isChecked);
            }
        });
        // 设置CheckBox的状态
        if (map.get(position) == null) {
            map.put(position, false);
        }
        holder.checkBox.setChecked(map.get(position));
    }

    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View root = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.list_item, parent, false);
        ViewHolder vh = new ViewHolder(root);
        //为Item设置点击事件
        root.setOnClickListener(this);
        root.setOnLongClickListener(this);
        return vh;
    }

    //点击事件
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        if (onItemClickListener != null) {
            //注意这里使用getTag方法获取数据
            onItemClickListener.onItemClickListener(v, (Integer) v.getTag());
        }
    }

    //长按事件
    @Override
    public boolean onLongClick(View v) {
        //不管显示隐藏，清空状态
        initMap();
        return onItemClickListener != null && onItemClickListener.onItemLongClickListener(v, (Integer) v.getTag());
    }

    //设置点击事件
    public void setRecyclerViewOnItemClickListener(RecyclerViewOnItemClickListener onItemClickListener) {
        this.onItemClickListener = onItemClickListener;
    }

    //设置是否显示CheckBox
    public void setShowBox() {
        //取反
        isshowBox = !isshowBox;
    }

    //点击item选中CheckBox
    public void setSelectItem(int position) {
        //对当前状态取反
        if (map.get(position)) {
            map.put(position, false);
        } else {
            map.put(position, true);
        }
        notifyItemChanged(position);
    }

    //返回集合给MainActivity
    public Map<Integer, Boolean> getMap() {
        return map;
    }

    //接口回调设置点击事件
    public interface RecyclerViewOnItemClickListener {
        //点击事件
        void onItemClickListener(View view, int position);

        //长按事件
        boolean onItemLongClickListener(View view, int position);
    }
}

• MyDecoration

public class MyDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {

    private Drawable mDivider;
    private int mOrientation;
    public static final int HORIZONTAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL;
    public static final int VERTICAL_LIST = LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL;

    //我们通过获取系统属性中的listDivider来添加，在系统中的AppTheme中设置
    public static final int[] ATRRS = new int[]{android.R.attr.listDivider};

    public MyDecoration(Context context, int orientation) {
        final TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(ATRRS);
        this.mDivider = ta.getDrawable(0);
        ta.recycle();
        setOrientation(orientation);
    }

    //设置屏幕的方向
    public void setOrientation(int orientation) {
        if (orientation != HORIZONTAL_LIST && orientation != VERTICAL_LIST) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid orientation");
        }
        mOrientation = orientation;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        if (mOrientation == HORIZONTAL_LIST) {
            drawVerticalLine(c, parent, state);
        } else {
            drawHorizontalLine(c, parent, state);
        }
    }

    //画横线, 这里的parent其实是显示在屏幕显示的这部分
    public void drawHorizontalLine(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        int left = parent.getPaddingLeft();
        int right = parent.getWidth() - parent.getPaddingRight();
        final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
            //获得child的布局信息
            final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
            final int top = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin;
            final int bottom = top + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
            mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
            mDivider.draw(c);
            //Log.d("wnw", left + " " + top + " "+right+"   "+bottom+" "+i);
        }
    }

    //画竖线
    public void drawVerticalLine(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        int top = parent.getPaddingTop();
        int bottom = parent.getHeight() - parent.getPaddingBottom();
        final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);

            //获得child的布局信息
            final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
            final int left = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin;
            final int right = left + mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth();
            mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
            mDivider.draw(c);
        }
    }

    //由于Divider也有长宽高，每一个Item需要向下或者向右偏移
    @Override
    public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, View view, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        if (mOrientation == HORIZONTAL_LIST) {
            //画横线，就是往下偏移一个分割线的高度
            outRect.set(0, 0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());
        } else {
            //画竖线，就是往右偏移一个分割线的宽度
            outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(), 0);
        }
    }
}

Demo下载地址:https://github.com/lu3896/RecyclerView_Checkbox