Spring Boot
文章目录
一、Spring Boot简介
1.Spring Boot的特点
- 为局域Spring的开发提供更快的入门体验。
- 开箱即用,没有代码生成,也无需XML配置。同时也可以修改默认值来满足特定的要求。
- 提供一些大型项目中参加的非功能性特性,如嵌入式服务器(内置一个Tomcat)、安全、指标、健康检测、外部配置等。
- SpringBoot不是对Spring功能上的增强,而是提供了一种快速使用Spring的方式。
2.SpringBoot的核心功能
- 起步依赖
起步依赖本质上是一个Maven项目对象模型(Project Object Model,POM),定义了对其他库的传递依赖,这些东西加载一起即支持某项功能。
简单的说,起步依赖就是将具备某种功能的坐标打包到一起,并提供一些默认的功能。(导入依赖时代码少) - 自动配置
SpringBoot的自动配置是一个运行时(应用程序启动时)的过程,考虑了众多因素,才决定Spring配置应该用哪个,不该用哪个。该过程是Spring自动完成的。
二、快速入门
1.创建maven工程(普通maven工程就可以)
2.添加SpringBoot的起步依赖
pom.xml:
<!--添加SpringBoot的起步依赖-->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!--导入web的启动依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
3.编写SpringBoot的引导类
package cn.ffcs;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class MySpringBootApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MySpringBootApplication.class);
}
}
4.测试结果
5.编写Controller类
package cn.ffcs.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/quickController")
public class QuickController {
@RequestMapping("/quick")
@ResponseBody
public String quick(){
return "quick方法执行了。。。";
}
}
6.运行结果
注:不用任何配置,直接运行SpringBoot的引导类中main中的run()方法即可。
三、SpringBoot的热部署
<!--热部署配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
注意:IDEA进行SpringBoot热部署失败的原因:IDEA默认情况下不会自动编译。
解决方法:对IDEA进行自动编译的配置。配置如下:
然后按Shift+Ctrl+Alt+/,然后选择Registry
至此完成热部署(作用:不用每次更新界面资源后重新启动服务器才能看见更新后的效果。)
效果:
四、springBoot整合Mybatis(注解)
1.添加必要的起步依赖
<!--添加SpringBoot的起步依赖-->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!--导入web的启动依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis起步依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MySQL连接驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2.向springBoot的配置文件中添加连接数据库的信息
application.properties
#DB Configuration:
spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
3.创建数据库表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`password` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('1', 'zhangsan', '123', '张三');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('2', 'lisi', '123', '李四');
4.编写对应的实体类
5.编写dao/Mapper接口
package cn.ffcs.dao;
import cn.ffcs.domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import java.util.List;
@Mapper
public interface IUserDao {
@Select("select * from user")
public List<User> queryUserList();
}
6.编写Controller
package cn.ffcs.controller;
import cn.ffcs.dao.IUserDao;
import cn.ffcs.domain.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private IUserDao iUserDao;
@RequestMapping("/queryUser")
@ResponseBody
public List<User> queryUser() {
List<User> users = iUserDao.queryUserList();
return users;
}
}
7.编写springBoot的引导类,并运行
package cn.ffcs;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class MySpringBootApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MySpringBootApplication.class);
}
}
8.运行结果
五、SpringBoot整合Junit
1.导入Junit的起步依赖
<!--测试的起步依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
2.编写测试类
package cn.ffcs.test;
import cn.ffcs.MySpringBootApplication;
import cn.ffcs.dao.IUserDao;
import cn.ffcs.domain.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import java.util.List;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = MySpringBootApplication.class)
public class TestUser {
@Autowired
private IUserDao iUserDao;
@Test
public void test(){
List<User> users = iUserDao.queryUserList();
System.out.println(users);
}
}
3.运行结果
六、springBoot整合spring Data Jpa
1.添加spring Data Jpa的起步依赖
<!-- springBoot JPA的起步依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
2.添加数据库驱动依赖
<!-- MySQL连接驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.22</version>
</dependency>
3.在application.properties中配置数据库和jpa的相关属性
#DB Configuration:
spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springboot_test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&userSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
#JPA Configuration:
spring.jpa.database=MySQL
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.generate-ddl=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
spring.jpa.hibernate.naming_strategy=org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy
4.创建实体配置实体
package cn.ffcs.domain;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class User {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String name;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
5.编写XxxRepository
package cn.ffcs.repository;
import cn.ffcs.domain.User;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Long> {
public List<User> findAll();
}
6.编写测试类
package cn.ffcs;
import cn.ffcs.domain.User;
import cn.ffcs.repository.UserRepository;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import java.util.List;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootJpaApplication.class)
public class JpaTest {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@Test
public void test(){
List<User> allUser = userRepository.findAll();
System.out.println(allUser);
}
}
七、springboot整合redis
1.添加redis的起步依赖
<!-- 配置使用redis启动器 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
2.在application.properties配置redis的连接信息
#Redis
spring.redis.host=127.0.0.1
spring.redis.port=6379
3.注入RedisTemplate测试redis操作
package cn.ffcs;
import cn.ffcs.domain.User;
import cn.ffcs.repository.UserRepository;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import java.util.List;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = SpringbootJpaApplication.class)
public class RedisTest {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String,String> redisTemplate;
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@Test
public void test() throws JsonProcessingException {
//1.从rides中获取数据 数据形式json字符串
String userListJson = redisTemplate.boundValueOps("user findAll").get();
//2.判断redis中是否存在数据
if(null==userListJson){
//3.不存在数据 从数据库查询
List<User> all = userRepository.findAll();
//4.将查询出的数据存储到rides中
//4.1将list集合转换成json格式的字符串并存储,使用jackson进行转换
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
userListJson = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(all);
redisTemplate.boundValueOps("user findAll").set(userListJson);
System.out.println("***********从数据库中获取到user数据***********");
}
else{
System.out.println("***********从redis缓存中获取到user数据***********");
}
//4.将数据在控制台打印
System.out.println(userListJson);
}
}