Android 给应用定制皮肤

在实现程序功能的同时，如果能让程序界面更加美观，有锦上添花之妙.
先说思路:
1）皮肤也就是相关的资源文件单独放置在某个工程中,一种皮肤一个工程文件.一个工程包括N多的资源文件,多个工程间资源的关系是,文件名,资源ID等完全一样.不同的可能是图片资源,style等的设置不一样.
2）皮肤工程在AndroidManifest.xml中配置android:sharedUserId="com.eric.skinmain".
     表明允许com.eric.skinmain访问本工程中的资源文件. com.eric.skinmain是主项目的包名
3）主项目通过 this.createPackageContext("com.eric.blackskin",Context.CONTEXT_IGNORE_SECURITY);
获取到com.eric.blackskin对应的Context,然后通过返回的context对象就可以访问到com.eric.blackskin中的任何资源,如同访问自身的资源一样.

注：记得先安装皮肤工程对应的apk文件.

 

public class main extends Activity {
        /** Called when the activity is first created. */
        private LinearLayout showBg;
        private Button btn;
        private Context green_skin_Context = null;
        private Context black_skin_Context = null;
        int flag = 0;

        @Override
        public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
                setContentView(R.layout.main);
                showBg = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.linear_layout_1);
                try {
                        green_skin_Context = this.createPackageContext(
                                        "com.eric.greenskin", Context.CONTEXT_IGNORE_SECURITY);
                } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                }
                try {
                        black_skin_Context = this.createPackageContext(
                                        "com.eric.blackskin", Context.CONTEXT_IGNORE_SECURITY);
                } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                }
                btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_change_skin);
                btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(View v) {
                                if (flag == 0) {
                                        showBg.setBackgroundDrawable(green_skin_Context
                                                        .getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.bg));
                                        btn.setBackgroundDrawable(green_skin_Context
                                                        .getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.btn_normal));
                                        
                                        flag = 1;
                                } else if (flag == 1) {
                                        showBg.setBackgroundDrawable(black_skin_Context
                                                        .getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.bg));
                                        btn.setBackgroundDrawable(black_skin_Context
                                                        .getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.btn_normal));
                                        flag = 0;
                                }

                        }

                });
        }
}

源码下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/lvxiangan/6701833

一直很想弄清楚好多应用中是如何实现换皮肤这项功能的，花了下午点时间，查了下资料也实现了个切换主题的Demo; 
好了，废话不多说了，该切换主题的demo里面一共实现了两个功能，其一，搜索已经安装的皮肤，其二，应用安装的皮肤。 

主项目包名为org.leepood.skindemo,主题项目的包名为org.leepood.skin.blue,org.leepood.skin.red,等等，只要前缀是org.leepood.skin.就行。 

首先是查找已安装主题的代码: 

package org.leepood.skindemo;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo;
import android.view.View.OnCreateContextMenuListener;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.AdapterView.AdapterContextMenuInfo;

public class Main extends Activity implements SharedPreferences.OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener{

	private ListView listview;
	private Context c;
	private Handler mHandler;
	private ProgressDialog pDialog;
	private SkinAdapter adapter;
	private SharedPreferences sp;
	static final int MESSAGE_SEARCHED_SKIN=0;
	static final int MESSAGE_SEARCHING_SKIN=MESSAGE_SEARCHED_SKIN+1;
	static final int MESSAGE_SEARCHED_SKIN_FOR_NONTHING=MESSAGE_SEARCHING_SKIN+1;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.main);
		init();
		pDialog.show();
		new Thread(serachSkin).start();
	}

	private void init()
	{
		c=this;
		mHandler=new Handler(){
			@Override
			public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
				switch(msg.what)
				{
				case MESSAGE_SEARCHED_SKIN:
					ArrayList skins=(ArrayList) msg.obj;//获取skins
					adapter=new SkinAdapter(c, skins);
					listview.setAdapter(adapter);
					Toast.makeText(c, "查找到已经安装的皮肤", 1).show();
					pDialog.dismiss();
					break;
				case MESSAGE_SEARCHED_SKIN_FOR_NONTHING:
					Toast.makeText(c, "未查找到任何皮肤", 1).show();
					pDialog.dismiss();
				}
			}
		};
		sp=this.getSharedPreferences("config",Context.MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE);
		sp.registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(this);

		listview=(ListView) findViewById(R.id.list);
		listview.setItemsCanFocus(false);
		listview.setChoiceMode(ListView.CHOICE_MODE_SINGLE);

		pDialog=new ProgressDialog(this);
		pDialog.setMessage("正在查找已经安装的皮肤");
		listview.setOnCreateContextMenuListener(new OnCreateContextMenuListener() {
			public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
				menu.add("使用该主题");
			}
		});
	}

	private Runnable serachSkin =new Runnable(){
		public void run() {
			PackageManager manager=c.getPackageManager();
			List packages=manager.getInstalledPackages(PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED);
			ArrayList skins = new ArrayList ();
			for(PackageInfo info:packages)
			{
				//System.out.println(info.packageName);
				if(info.packageName.startsWith("org.leepood.skin."))
				{
					skins.add(info);
				}
			}
			if(skins.size()>0)
			{
				Message msg=mHandler.obtainMessage();
				msg.obj=skins;
				msg.what=MESSAGE_SEARCHED_SKIN;
				mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
			}
			else
			{
				mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(MESSAGE_SEARCHED_SKIN_FOR_NONTHING);
			}
		}
	};
	private class SkinAdapter extends BaseAdapter
	{
		LayoutInflater mInflater;
		ArrayList datas;
		PackageManager manager;
		public SkinAdapter(Context c,ArrayList datas)
		{
			this.datas=datas;
			 mInflater=LayoutInflater.from(c);
			 manager=c.getPackageManager();
		}

		public int getCount() {
			return datas.size();
		}

		public Object getItem(int position) {
			return datas.get(position);
		}

		public long getItemId(int position) {
			return 0;
		}

		public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
			if(convertView==null)
			{
				convertView=mInflater.inflate(R.layout.skin_item, null);
			}
			ImageView icon=(ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.skin_icon);
			TextView  skin_name=(TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.skin_name);
			PackageInfo info=datas.get(position);
			icon.setImageDrawable(info.applicationInfo.loadIcon(manager));
			skin_name.setText(info.applicationInfo.loadLabel(manager));
			return convertView;
		}
	}

	public void onThemeChanged(String newThemePackageName) {
		try {
			Context themeContext=this.createPackageContext(newThemePackageName, CONTEXT_IGNORE_SECURITY);
			Resources res=themeContext.getResources();
			setControlsStyle(res);
		} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	private void setControlsStyle(Resources res)
	{
		listview.setBackgroundColor(res.getColor(R.color.ListView_bg));

	}

	@Override
	public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
		AdapterContextMenuInfo menuInfo=(AdapterContextMenuInfo)item.getMenuInfo();
		PackageInfo info=(PackageInfo) adapter.getItem(menuInfo.position);
		sp.edit().putString("themePackage", info.packageName).commit();
		return super.onContextItemSelected(item);
	}

	public void onSharedPreferenceChanged(SharedPreferences sharedPreferences, String key) {
		System.out.println("themeChange");
		onThemeChanged(sharedPreferences.getString(key, ""));
	}
}

这段代码的含义就是去查找系统中安装的包名，若以org.leepood.skin.开头则说明该包为主题包,将其加入listview中显示出来。代码中使用了多线程避免时间过长堵塞UI。程序将当前主题配置保存在SharedPreference中,为SharedPreference注册了一个监听函数，当其值发生改变时自动调用新的样式。当然，这只是个demo而已,一开始加载Activity没有去读取主题，这个可以由大家自己去实现。 
最后贴张图片: 

Android实现主题切换机制2 
昨天花了点时间实现了主题的切换，但是里面还是不够灵活，回去想了想可以用继承和回调函数来进一步灵活更改主题，现在记录下我的实现办法 
首先一个自定义类ThemeActivity继承自Activity，这个类是以后所有Activity的父类，在这个类里面定义了一个接口 
public interface OnThemeChangedListener 
{ 
public void onChanged(String newThemePackageName); 
} 
接下来，首先是要给ThemeActivity注册一个主题切换的listener,代码如下: 
public void setOnThemeChangedListener(OnThemeChangedListener listener) 
{ 
this.listener=listener; 
} 
然后就是注册一个SharedPreference来监听xml的变化，当发生改变的时候自动去调用listener.onChanged方法，将新的主题包名传递过去，代码如下: 
public void onSharedPreferenceChanged(SharedPreferences sharedPreferences, 
String key) { 
if(key.equals("themePackage")) 
{ 
listener.onChanged(sp.getString("themePackage", "")); 
} 

} 
接着在继承于ThemeActivity的子类里面首先是setOnThemeChangedListener.接着用一个匿名内部类搞定。好啦，代码可以见附件啦 

http://download.csdn.net/detail/lvxiangan/6701865