Ubuntu 20.0.4 安装 Docker

卸载旧版本 Docker

sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

配置软件源

更新软件源并安装依赖包

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install \
apt-transport-https \
ca-certificates \
curl \
gnupg-agent \
software-properties-common

添加 Docker 官方软件包密钥

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

验证密钥是否安装成功

toor@toor:~/Desktop$ sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88
pub   rsa4096 2017-02-22 [SCEA]
      9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A  E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88
uid           [ unknown] Docker Release (CE deb) <docker@docker.com>
sub   rsa4096 2017-02-22 [S]

添加软件源

查询当前系统所基于的 Debian 版本，得到以下回显

toor@toor:~/Desktop$ cat /proc/version
Linux version 5.8.0-63-generic (buildd@lgw01-amd64-035) (gcc (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) 9.3.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.34) #71~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jul 15 17:46:08 UTC 2021

通过查询得知 Debian 9 对应的代号为 stretch ，之后执行以下命令写入 docker 软件源

echo 'deb https://download.docker.com/linux/debian stretch stable' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list 

正常写入回显

toor@toor:~/Desktop$ echo 'deb https://download.docker.com/linux/debian stretch stable' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list 
[sudo] password for toor: 
deb https://download.docker.com/linux/debian stretch stable

安装 Docker

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io -y

安装之后可以配置一下 Docker 镜像加速

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

配置好后执行以下命令进行测试

sudo docker run hello-world

得到以下回显显示为正常

toor@toor:~/Desktop$ sudo docker run hello-world
[sudo] password for toor: 
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
b8dfde127a29: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:df5f5184104426b65967e016ff2ac0bfcd44ad7899ca3bbcf8e44e4461491a9e
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

卸载 Docker

卸载软件

sudo apt-get purge docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io 

删除镜像、容器、自定义配置等文件

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker 

安装 Docker-Compose

sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.5/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
docker-compose -v

回显版本号则安装成功

卸载 Docker-Compose

sudo rm /usr/local/bin/docker-compose