彻底掌握python装饰器二

# 装饰器一共有这四种情况
# 1、无参单装饰器
# 2、原函数传参 装饰器不传
# 3、装饰器传参 原函数不传
# 4、装饰器原函数同时传参
# -----------------------------------------无参单装饰器------------------------------------------------

def decorate(x):
    def case1():
        print("在原函数之前增加的新功能")
        x()
        print("在原函数之后增加的新功能")
    return case1

@decorate
def function():
    print("原函数")
# --------------------------------------原函数传参 装饰器不传-------------------------------------------
def decorate1(func):
    def wrapper(x,y):
        print("传入的参数值：",end="")
        print(x)
        print("传入的第二个参数值：", end="")
        print(y)
        func(x,y)
    return wrapper

@decorate1
def function1(x,y):
    print("原函数")
# --------------------------------------装饰器传参 原函数不传-------------------------------------------
def decorate2(s):
    def case1(func):
        def case2():
            print("装饰器的参数：",s)
            func()
        return case2
    return case1
@decorate2(2)
def function2():
    print("原函数")

# --------------------------------------装饰器原函数同时传参--------------------------------------------
def decorate3(x):
    def case1(func):
        def case2(y):
            print("装饰器参数：",x)
            print("函数参数：",y)
            func(y)
        return case2
    return case1
@decorate3("zhuang")
def function3(x):
    print("原函数")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # function()
    # function1(1,2)
    # function2()
    function3("han")

当使用装饰器传参时，就需要外加一层函数

可以做一下最后一道面试题：记录一下踩过的坑，少写括号，导致无法兼容装饰器不带参数

上面为方法的装饰器，接下来介绍类装饰器
先简单理解cls和self的区别：简单的说self是类（Class）实例化的对象。cls 是类（或子类）本身
因为装饰器修饰类时，传参就是cls类本身了
拿单例模式举例

```python
def singleton(cls):
    _instance = {}
    def _singleton(*args, **kargs):
        if cls not in _instance:
            _instance[cls] = cls(*args, **kargs)
        return _instance[cls]
    return _singleton

@singleton
class Initializer:
    def __init__(self):
        self.scheduler = BackgroundScheduler()