Xml解析

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-20 09:04:44 发布

银色亡灵

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-20 09:04:44 发布

阅读量258

点赞数

分类专栏： J2EE java 文章标签： Xml解析

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/LYQ2332826438/article/details/81218499

版权

java 同时被 2 个专栏收录

61 篇文章 1 订阅

订阅专栏

J2EE

2 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

Xml解析

一、xml的作用

配置

*.properties 属性文件

*.xml

数据交换

xml

webservice

json

二、Java中配置文件的三种配置位置及读取方式

1.1 XML和*.properties(属性文件)

1.2 存放位置

1.2.1 src根目录下

Xxx.class.getResourceAsStream("/config.properties");

案例：

                InputStream is=Text.class.getResourceAsStream("/db.properties");
		Properties pro=new Properties();
		try {
			pro.load(is);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		String username=pro.getProperty("username");
		String password=pro.getProperty("password");
		String realname=pro.getProperty("realname");
		System.out.println(username);
		System.out.println(password);
		System.out.println(realname);

1.2.2 与读取配置文件的类在同一包

Xxx.class.getResourceAsStream("config2.properties");

案例：

                InputStream is=Text1.class.getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
		Properties pro=new Properties();
		try {
			pro.load(is);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		String username=pro.getProperty("username");
		String password=pro.getProperty("password");
		String realname=pro.getProperty("realname");
		System.out.println(username);
		System.out.println(password);
		System.out.println(realname);

1.2.3 WEB-INF(或其子目录下)

ServletContext application = this.getServletContext();

InputStream is = application.getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/config3.properties");

案例：

                ServletContext application = this.getServletContext();
		InputStream is = application.getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/db.properties");
		Properties pro=new Properties();
		try {
			pro.load(is);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		String username=pro.getProperty("username");
		String password=pro.getProperty("password");
		String realname=pro.getProperty("realname");
		System.out.println(username);
		System.out.println(password);
		System.out.println(realname);

1.3注意：

*.properties文件

key=value

#注释

Properties.load(is)

三、dom4j+xpath解析xml文件

dom4j：Java开源的项目

DOM由节点组成

Node

元素节点

属性节点

文本节点

document.selectNodes(xpath);//查一组

document.selectSingleNode(xpath);//查单个

xpath等同数据库的select语句

xpath

/ 路径在系统中建一个文件叫document/students/student/sid|name

@ 属性

案例一：

                InputStream is=Test.class.getResourceAsStream("/students.xml");
		SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
		Document document=null;
		try {
			document= saxReader.read(is);
		} catch (DocumentException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		String xpath="/students/student";
		List <Element> studentNodes= document.selectNodes(xpath);
		for (Element studentNode : studentNodes) {
//			Attribute attribute = studentNode.attribute("sid");
//			String sid=attribute.getText();
			String sid=studentNode.attributeValue("sid");
			Element nameNode=(Element) studentNode.selectSingleNode("name");
			String name=nameNode.getText();
			System.out.println(sid+","+name);

		}

案例二：

                InputStream is=Test1.class.getResourceAsStream("/students.xml");
		SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
		Document document=null;
		try {
			document= saxReader.read(is);
		} catch (DocumentException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		String xpath="/students/student[@sid='s002']/name";
		Element nameNode = (Element) document.selectSingleNode(xpath);
		String name=nameNode.getText();
		System.out.println(name);

四：xml建模

思路：把xml中的元素变成实体类,元素的属性变成实体类中的属性，封装该类，再定义一个Map集合装对象，再加上一个放置对象和取出对象的方法,最后写一个工厂类来生产该对象，得到你想要的对象的信息。

案例：

config.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE config[
	<!ELEMENT config (action*)>
	<!ELEMENT action (forward*)>
	<!ELEMENT forward EMPTY>
	<!ATTLIST action
	  path CDATA #REQUIRED
	  type CDATA #REQUIRED
	>
	<!ATTLIST forward
	  name CDATA #REQUIRED
	  path CDATA #REQUIRED
	  redirect (true|false) "false"
	>
]>
<!-- config标签:可以包含0~N个action标签 -->
<config>
	<!-- action标签:可以饱含0~N个forward标签 path:以/开头的字符串,并且值必须唯一 非空 type:字符串,非空 -->
	<action path="/regAction" type="test.RegAction">
		<!-- forward标签:没有子标签; name:字符串,同一action标签下的forward标签name值不能相同 ; path:以/开头的字符串 
			redirect:只能是false|true,允许空,默认值为false -->
		<forward name="failed" path="/reg.jsp" redirect="false" />
		<forward name="success" path="/login.jsp" redirect="true" />
	</action>

	<action path="/loginAction" type="test.LoginAction">
		<forward name="failed" path="/login.jsp" redirect="false" />
		<forward name="success" path="/main.jsp" redirect="true" />
	</action>
</config>

ForwardModel类：

/**
 * xml文件中forward元素实体类
 * @author Administrator
 *2018年5月8日下午3:25:01
 */
public class ForwardModel implements Serializable{

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	
	private String name;
	private String path;
	private boolean redirect;
	public ForwardModel() {
		super();
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getPath() {
		return path;
	}
	public void setPath(String path) {
		this.path = path;
	}
	public boolean isRedirect() {
		return redirect;
	}
	public void setRedirect(boolean redirect) {
		this.redirect = redirect;
	}
	public void setRedirect(String redirect) {
		this.redirect = Boolean.parseBoolean(redirect);
	}
	public static long getSerialversionuid() {
		return serialVersionUID;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "ForwardModel [name=" + name + ", path=" + path + ", redirect=" + redirect + "]";
	}
}

ActionModel类：

/**
 * xml文件中action元素实体类
 * @author Administrator
 *2018年5月8日下午3:25:01
 */
public class ActionModel implements Serializable{

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	
	public String path;
	private String type;
	private Map<String, ForwardModel> ForwardModels=new HashMap<String, ForwardModel>();
	
	//添加一个ForwardModel对象
	public void put(ForwardModel forward) {
		//校验代码
		ForwardModels.put(forward.getName(), forward);
	}
	//取出ForwardModel对象
	public ForwardModel get(String name) {
		return ForwardModels.get(name);
	}
	
	public String getPath() {
		return path;
	}
	public void setPath(String path) {
		this.path = path;
	}
	public String getType() {
		return type;
	}
	public void setType(String type) {
		this.type = type;
	}
	public static long getSerialversionuid() {
		return serialVersionUID;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "ActionModel [path=" + path + ", type=" + type + ", ForwardModels=" + ForwardModels + "]";
	}

}

ConfigModel类：

/**
 * xml文件中config元素实体类
 * @author Administrator
 *2018年5月8日下午3:25:01
 */
public class ConfigModel implements Serializable{

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	//定义一个装ActionModel对象的Map集合
	private Map<String, ActionModel> actionModels=new HashMap<String, ActionModel>();
	//添加一个ActionModel对象
	public void put(ActionModel actionModel) {
		//校验代码
		String path=actionModel.getPath();
		//正则
		String regex="^/.+$";
		Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regex);
		//匹配
		Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(path);
		boolean f=matcher.matches();
		if(!f) {
			throw new RuntimeException("path["+path+"]必须以/开头");
		}else if(actionModels.containsKey(path)) {
			throw new RuntimeException("path["+path+"]必须唯一");
		}
		actionModels.put(actionModel.getPath(), actionModel);
	}
	//取出ActionModel对象
	public ActionModel get(String path) {
		return actionModels.get(path);
				
	}

}

ConfigModelFactory类：

/**
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 *2018年5月8日下午3:42:13
 */
public class ConfigModelFactory {
	//1私有化ConfigModel对象
	private static ConfigModel configModel;
	private ConfigModelFactory() {
		
	}
	//2公开一个创建ConfigModel对象代理方法
	public static ConfigModel createConfigModel(String filepath) {
		if(configModel==null) {
			configModel=new ConfigModel();
			init(filepath);
		}
		return configModel;
		
	}
	//3初始化
	private static void init(String filepath) {
		try {
			//定义
			String path=null;
			String type=null;
			List<Element> forwardElementList = null;
			String name = null;
			String forwardpath = null;
			String redirect = null;
			//获得读流
			InputStream is=ConfigModelFactory.class.getResourceAsStream(filepath);
			//读取xml
			SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
			Document document = saxReader.read(is);
			
			//得到actionElement元素节点
			String xpath="/config/action";
			List<Element> actionElementList = document.selectNodes(xpath);						
			for (Element actionElement : actionElementList) {
				//得到actionElement元素节点下的path属性
				path=actionElement.attributeValue("path");
				//得到actionElement元素节点下的type属性
				type=actionElement.attributeValue("type");
				
				//创建actionModel对象
				ActionModel actionModel = new ActionModel();
				actionModel.setPath(path);
				actionModel.setType(type);
				//往configModel里添加一个ActionModel对象
				configModel.put(actionModel);
				
				//得到forwardElement元素节点
				forwardElementList = actionElement.selectNodes("forward");
				for (Element forwardElement : forwardElementList) {
					//得到forwardElement元素节点下的name属性
					name = forwardElement.attributeValue("name");
					//得到forwardElement元素节点下的path属性
					forwardpath = forwardElement.attributeValue("path");
					//得到forwardElement元素节点下的redirect属性
					redirect = forwardElement.attributeValue("redirect");
					
					//创建forwardModel对象
					ForwardModel forwardModel = new ForwardModel();
					forwardModel.setName(name);
					forwardModel.setPath(forwardpath);
					forwardModel.setRedirect(redirect);
					//往actionModel里添加一个forwardModel对象
					actionModel.put(forwardModel);
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ConfigModel configModel = ConfigModelFactory.createConfigModel("/config.xml");
		ActionModel actionModel = configModel.get("/loginAction");
		ForwardModel forwardModel = actionModel.get("success");
		System.out.println(forwardModel.getPath());
	}
	
}