＞＞Python：Anaconda3

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-06 11:54:27 发布
最新推荐文章于 2024-05-06 11:54:27 发布
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Anaconda3

1、安装

1、命令操作

安装好之后，可以使用命令conda，可以使用一系列命令参数，conda --help 或 conda -h 、 conda --version 或 conda -V

例如，使用conda info 命令如下所示信息：

$xxx:~ xxx$ conda info

     active environment : None
            shell level : 0
       user config file : /Users/xxx/.condarc
 populated config files : /Users/xxx/.condarc
          conda version : 4.8.2
    conda-build version : 3.18.11
         python version : 3.7.6.final.0
       virtual packages : __osx=10.15.7
       base environment : /Users/xxx/opt/anaconda3  (writable)
           channel URLs : https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/osx-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/osx-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
          package cache : /Users/xxx/opt/anaconda3/pkgs
                          /Users/xxx/.conda/pkgs
       envs directories : /Users/xxx/opt/anaconda3/envs
                          /Users/xxx/.conda/envs
               platform : osx-64
             user-agent : conda/4.8.2 requests/2.22.0 CPython/3.7.6 Darwin/19.6.0 OSX/10.15.7
                UID:GID : 501:20
             netrc file : None
           offline mode : False

依赖

1）导出所有依赖包到记事本

conda list -e > [fileName(.txt)]

例如，conda list -e > /usr/local/data/conda-lib-98.txt

1、Kafka 集群防火墙

2、运行情况，或者执行命令，查看status

3、手动执行消费者或生产者，订阅消息，查看消费情况

迁移问题记录FQA

Q1、ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘pymysql’

Q1：执行python程序，出现 ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pymysql'

A1：

1）查找确认依赖库

初步判定是安装阿naconda3缺少pymysql依赖包，执行命令conda list 分别查看85服务器和96服务器anaconda3的已经安装插件库，依赖包如下所示

85服务器已安装插件库295个插件

96服务器已安装插件库288个插件

2）查找、下载依赖库

85插件所在路径，/data/_software/_install_pack/_python/，anaconda3的home路径，/data/_software/python/anaconda3/

86插件所在路径，，/data/_software/_pack/_python/，anaconda3的home路径，/data/_software/python/anaconda3/

96插件所在路径，/data/_software/_package/，anaconda3的home路径，/data/_software/python/anaconda3/

经过插件列表比对并排查，发现96服务器缺失插件列表如下所示

85服务器有whl插件源件：

  • PyNaCl-1.3.0-cp34-abi3-manylinux1_x86_64.whl

  • bcrypt-3.1.7-cp34-abi3-manylinux1_x86_64.whl

  • confluent_kafka-1.1.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl

  • paramiko-2.6.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl

  • PyMySQL-0.9.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl

  • cx_Oracle-8.0.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl

85服务器未找到whl插件源件（其中avro-python3使用python安装，cx-oracle使用pip安装）：

  • avro-python3=1.8.2=pypi_0

  • cx-oracle=8.0.0=pypi_0

​ 先下载所需要的插件包，whl格式本质上是一个压缩包，里面包含了py文件，以及经过编译的pyd文件，使得可以在不具备编译环境的情况下，选择合适自己的python环境进行安装，简单来说，适合内网环境。

​ 其次有些时候在内网环境中并不可以使用pip命令来下载依赖包，这就出现了需要手动安装依赖包的情况，由于网络不通，采取手动安装插件库，查找85服务器是否存在插件库或网络下载插件库再传给96服务器。经过检查，发现原来85服务器已经下载插件。在85服务器找到所依赖的插件，打包上传到96服务器。

3）安装依赖库

安装插件的命令使用pip，此命令在已经内置在anaconda3的依赖插件中，具体位置为home/lib/python3.7/site-packages。

  • 安装已有whl文件
$ pip install bcrypt-3.1.7-cp34-abi3-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Processing ./bcrypt-3.1.7-cp34-abi3-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Requirement already satisfied: cffi>=1.1 in /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from bcrypt==3.1.7) (1.12.3)
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.4.1 in /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from bcrypt==3.1.7) (1.12.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pycparser in /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from cffi>=1.1->bcrypt==3.1.7) (2.19)
Installing collected packages: bcrypt
Successfully installed bcrypt-3.1.7

$ pip install confluent_kafka-1.1.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Processing ./confluent_kafka-1.1.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Installing collected packages: confluent-kafka
Successfully installed confluent-kafka-1.1.0

### 先安装PyNaCl，再安装paramiko
$ pip install PyNaCl-1.3.0-cp34-abi3-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Processing ./PyNaCl-1.3.0-cp34-abi3-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Requirement already satisfied: cffi>=1.4.1 in /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from PyNaCl==1.3.0) (1.12.3)
Requirement already satisfied: six in /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from PyNaCl==1.3.0) (1.12.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pycparser in /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from cffi>=1.4.1->PyNaCl==1.3.0) (2.19)
Installing collected packages: PyNaCl
Successfully installed PyNaCl-1.3.0

$ pip install paramiko-2.6.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./paramiko-2.6.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: bcrypt>=3.1.3 in /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paramiko==2.6.0) (3.1.7)
Requirement already satisfied: pynacl>=1.0.1 in /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paramiko==2.6.0) (1.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: cryptography>=2.5 in /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paramiko==2.6.0) (2.7)
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.4.1 in /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from bcrypt>=3.1.3->paramiko==2.6.0) (1.12.0)
Requirement already satisfied: cffi>=1.1 in /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from bcrypt>=3.1.3->paramiko==2.6.0) (1.12.3)
Requirement already satisfied: asn1crypto>=0.21.0 in /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from cryptography>=2.5->paramiko==2.6.0) (0.24.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pycparser in /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from cffi>=1.1->bcrypt>=3.1.3->paramiko==2.6.0) (2.19)
Installing collected packages: paramiko
Successfully installed paramiko-2.6.0

$ pip install PyMySQL-0.9.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing ./PyMySQL-0.9.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: PyMySQL
Successfully installed PyMySQL-0.9.3

$ pip install cx_Oracle-8.0.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Processing ./cx_Oracle-8.0.0-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Installing collected packages: cx-Oracle
Successfully installed cx-Oracle-8.0.0
  • 安装未有whl文件的tar.gz文件

进入到arvo_python3所在目录

cd /data/_software/_package

解压arvo_python3-1.8.2.tar.gz，会自动创建并解压到arvo_python3-1.8.2

tar -zxvf arvo_python3-1.8.2.tar.gz

进入arvo_python3-1.8.2包

cd arvo_python3-1.8.2

执行命令python setup.py install

$ python setup.py install
running install
running bdist_egg
running egg_info
writing avro_python3.egg-info/PKG-INFO
writing dependency_links to avro_python3.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
writing top-level names to avro_python3.egg-info/top_level.txt
reading manifest file 'avro_python3.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
writing manifest file 'avro_python3.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
installing library code to build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg
running install_lib
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib
creating build/lib/avro
copying avro/__init__.py -> build/lib/avro
copying avro/datafile.py -> build/lib/avro
copying avro/io.py -> build/lib/avro
copying avro/ipc.py -> build/lib/avro
copying avro/protocol.py -> build/lib/avro
copying avro/schema.py -> build/lib/avro
copying avro/tool.py -> build/lib/avro
copying avro/txipc.py -> build/lib/avro
copying avro/HandshakeRequest.avsc -> build/lib/avro
copying avro/HandshakeResponse.avsc -> build/lib/avro
copying avro/VERSION.txt -> build/lib/avro
copying avro/LICENSE -> build/lib/avro
copying avro/NOTICE -> build/lib/avro
creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64
creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg
creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro
copying build/lib/avro/__init__.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro
copying build/lib/avro/datafile.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro
copying build/lib/avro/io.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro
copying build/lib/avro/ipc.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro
copying build/lib/avro/protocol.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro
copying build/lib/avro/schema.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro
copying build/lib/avro/tool.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro
copying build/lib/avro/txipc.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro
copying build/lib/avro/HandshakeRequest.avsc -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro
copying build/lib/avro/HandshakeResponse.avsc -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro
copying build/lib/avro/VERSION.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro
copying build/lib/avro/LICENSE -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro
copying build/lib/avro/NOTICE -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro/__init__.py to __init__.cpython-37.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro/datafile.py to datafile.cpython-37.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro/io.py to io.cpython-37.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro/ipc.py to ipc.cpython-37.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro/protocol.py to protocol.cpython-37.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro/schema.py to schema.cpython-37.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro/tool.py to tool.cpython-37.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/avro/txipc.py to txipc.cpython-37.pyc
creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
installing scripts to build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO/scripts
running install_scripts
running build_scripts
creating build/scripts-3.7
copying and adjusting scripts/avro -> build/scripts-3.7
changing mode of build/scripts-3.7/avro from 600 to 755
creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO/scripts
copying build/scripts-3.7/avro -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO/scripts
changing mode of build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO/scripts/avro to 755
copying avro_python3.egg-info/PKG-INFO -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
copying avro_python3.egg-info/SOURCES.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
copying avro_python3.egg-info/dependency_links.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
copying avro_python3.egg-info/top_level.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...
avro.__pycache__.__init__.cpython-37: module references __file__
avro.__pycache__.ipc.cpython-37: module references __file__
creating dist
creating 'dist/avro_python3-1.8.2-py3.7.egg' and adding 'build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg' to it
removing 'build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg' (and everything under it)
Processing avro_python3-1.8.2-py3.7.egg
creating /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/avro_python3-1.8.2-py3.7.egg
Extracting avro_python3-1.8.2-py3.7.egg to /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages
Adding avro-python3 1.8.2 to easy-install.pth file
Installing avro script to /data/_software/python/anaconda3/bin

Installed /data/_software/python/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/avro_python3-1.8.2-py3.7.egg
Processing dependencies for avro-python3==1.8.2
Finished processing dependencies for avro-python3==1.8.2

4）检查确认依赖库

执行安装新插件后，96服务器插件列表为

295个插件

执行命令conda list -e > [输出插件列表到文件.txt]

Q2、sshpass命令没有找到

Q2：执行python程序，提示sshpass命令没有找到

A2：

1）下载 sshpass-1.06.tar.gz

有网络情况下，执行命令

wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/sshpass/files/latest/download -O sshpass.tar.gz

2）解压

解压sshpass-1.06.tar.gz到当前目录（自动创建目录并写入解压文件）

tar -zxvf sshpass-1.06.tar.gz

3）编译

进入sshpass-1.06目录，进行编译

 ./configure

4）安装

执行安装命令

sudo make install

5）其他参考

https://linux.cn/article-8086-1.html

Q3、No such file or directory

Q3、执行python程序，控制台打印出来以下错误信息

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test_oracle_lyc.py", line 4, in <module>
    db = cx_Oracle.connect("xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx", "username", "password", "orclName", charset='utf8' )
cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: Cannot locate a 64-bit Oracle Client library: "libnsl.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory". See https://cx-oracle.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user_guide/installation.html for help

A3：

1）python、oracle依赖包

经过排查，发现缺少oracle_client，安装oracle-instantclient19.3-basic-19.3.0.0.0-1.x86_64.rpm

2）安装

使用root用户执行安装命令，安装到默认路径

rpm -Uvh oracle-instantclient19.3-basic-19.3.0.0.0-1.x86_64.rpm

3）环境变量

使用root用户登录进去配置相关环境变量（这个好像不用配置也可以，我在官方网站看到18+以下数据库客户端才需要配置环境变量，以及手动配置lib库地址和bin目录，现在我们使用的版本为19，已经自动创建libaio以及其他依赖包）

vim /etc/profile

输入环境变量信息

export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/19.3/client64
export ORABIN=/usr/lib/oracle/19.3/client64/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/oracle/19.3/client64/lib

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

让环境变量立即生效

source /etc/profile

4）安装系统依赖包

在root用户下，安装libnsl.so.1，进入到目录查看系统依赖包，由于我们都是使用的64bit操作系统，所有的软件工具也都是64bit

cd /usr/lib64

查看（ls）是否有libnsl依赖包，在85服务器上，我查询到libnsl* 的依赖包为

libnsl.so.2

libnsl.so.2.0.0

查看（ll）是否有libnsl依赖包，在85服务器上，我查询到libnsl* 的依赖包为

lrwxrwxrwx     1 root root       15 Mar 15  2020  libnsl.so.2 -> libnsl.so.2.0.0

-rwxr-xr-x        1 root root 96480 Mar 15  2020  libnsl.so.2.0.0

然后进行拷贝，软连接设置

cp -r libnsl.so.2 libnsl.so.1

再次执行查看操作

lrwxrwxrwx     1 root root        15 Jan 23 16:40   libnsl.so.1 -> libnsl.so.2.0.0

lrwxrwxrwx     1 root root       15 Mar 15  2020  libnsl.so.2 -> libnsl.so.2.0.0

-rwxr-xr-x     1 root root 96480 Mar 15  2020  libnsl.so.2.0.0

5）切换测试

新打开一个窗口，使用appuser登录，或者重新登录到服务器，然后编写一个连接oracle的测试脚本，脚本如下

import cx_Oracle

db  = connect("userName", "password", "IP:Port/serviceName", "UTF-8")

print(db.version)

保存代码为 test_oracle.py

执行python test_oracle.py，如果打印出来数据库服务器的版本号，则说明已经连接并成功读取数据。

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libnsl-2.28-155.el8.ppc64le.rpm
01-12
官方离线安装包，测试可用。使用rpm -ivh [rpm完整包名] 进行安装
Linux7安装Oracle11g
qq_43215760的博客
08-20 1277
Liunx7安装Orcale11g 官方参考文档：https://oracle-base.com/articles/11g/oracle-db-11gr2-installation-on-oracle-linux-7 参考博客：https://www.cnblogs.com/hawking8su/p/13285739.html 1、下载安装包 11.2.0.1版本下载地址： http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11g
C:\WINDOWS\system32>python /D:\anaconda\conda\Lib\site-packages\dd-0.6.0/to/setup.py install --fetch --cudd这个命令有什么问题
01-05
这个命令有两个问题： 1. 命令中的路径格式不正确。在Windows系统中，路径应该使用反斜杠（\）而不是正斜杠（/）。正确的命令应该是： ```shell python D:\anaconda\conda\Lib\site-packages\dd-0.6.0\to\setup.py install --fetch --cudd ``` 2. 命令中的路径中包含了空格。在命令行中，如果路径中包含空格，需要使用引号将路径括起来，以避免解析错误。正确的命令应该是： ```shell python "D:\anaconda\conda\Lib\site-packages\dd-0.6.0\to\setup.py" install --fetch --cudd ```

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