Android中AIDL实现（跨进程通信）

 

一. 概述：

     跨进程通信（AIDL），主要实现进程（应用）间数据共享功能。

二. 实现流程：

     1. 服务器端实现：

        （1）目录结构，如下图：

                

        （2）实现*.aidl文件：

                A. IAIDLService.aidl实现：

package com.focus.aidl; import com.focus.aidl.Person; interface IAIDLService { String getName(); Person getPerson(); }  

B. Person.aidl实现：

parcelable Person;  

（3）进程间传递对象必需实现Parcelable或Serializable接口，下面是被传递的Person对象实现：

package com.focus.aidl; import android.os.Parcel; import android.os.Parcelable; public class Person implements Parcelable { private String name; private int age; public Person() { } public Person(Parcel source) { name = source.readString(); age = source.readInt(); } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public int describeContents() { return 0; } public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) { dest.writeString(name); dest.writeInt(age); } public static final Parcelable.Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Creator<Person>() { public Person[] newArray(int size) { return new Person[size]; } public Person createFromParcel(Parcel source) { return new Person(source); } }; }  

（4）实现IAIDLService.aidl文件中定义的接口，并定义Service，在Service被bind时返回此实现类：

package com.focus.aidl; import com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService.Stub; import android.app.Service; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.RemoteException; public class AIDLServiceImpl extends Service { @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return mBinder; } /** * 在AIDL文件中定义的接口实现。 */ private IAIDLService.Stub mBinder = new Stub() { public String getName() throws RemoteException { return "mayingcai"; } public Person getPerson() throws RemoteException { Person mPerson = new Person(); mPerson.setName("mayingcai"); mPerson.setAge(24); return mPerson; } }; }  

（5）在AndroidManifest.xml文件中注册Service：

<service android:name = ".AIDLServiceImpl" android:process = ":remote"> <intent-filter> <action android:name = "com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService" /> </intent-filter> </service>  

2. 客户端实现：

        （1）目录结构，如下图：

                

        （2）将服务器端的IAIDLService.aidl，Person.aidl和Person.java文件拷贝到本工程中，如上图所示：

        （3）res/layout/main.xml实现：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation = "vertical" android:layout_width = "fill_parent" android:layout_height = "fill_parent" > <TextView android:id = "@+id/name" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" /> <Button android:id = "@+id/connection" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:text = "连接" /> <Button android:id = "@+id/message" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:enabled = "false" android:text = "信息" /> <Button android:id = "@+id/person" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:enabled = "false" android:text = "人" /> </LinearLayout>  

（4）主Activity实现，从服务器端获取数据在客户端显示：

package com.focus.aidl.client; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.ComponentName; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.ServiceConnection; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.RemoteException; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.TextView; import com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService; import com.focus.aidl.Person; public class AIDLClientAcitivty extends Activity { private IAIDLService mAIDLService; private TextView mName; private Button mMessage; private Button mPerson; /** * 第一步，创建ServiceConnection对象，在onServiceConnected()方法中获取IAIDLService实现。 */ private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() { public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) { mAIDLService = IAIDLService.Stub.asInterface(service); mMessage.setEnabled(true); mPerson.setEnabled(true); } public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { mAIDLService = null; mMessage.setEnabled(false); mPerson.setEnabled(false); } }; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); mName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.name); findViewById(R.id.connection).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View view) { /** * 第二步，单击"连接"按钮后用mServiceConnection去bind服务器端创建的Service。 */ Intent service = new Intent("com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService"); bindService(service, mServiceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE); } }); mMessage = (Button) findViewById(R.id.message); mMessage.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View view) { /** * 第三步，从服务器端获取字符串。 */ try { mName.setText(mAIDLService.getName()); } catch (RemoteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); mPerson = (Button) findViewById(R.id.person); mPerson.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View view) { /** * 第四步，从服务器端获取Person对象。 */ try { Person mPerson = mAIDLService.getPerson(); mName.setText("姓名:" + mPerson.getName() + ", 年龄:" + mPerson.getAge()); } catch (RemoteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); } }