[Java] Java类属性和对象属性的初始化顺序

Java类属性和对象属性的初始化顺序如下：

(1) 类属性（静态变量）定义时的初始化

(2) static块中的初始代码 

(3) 对象属性（非静态变量）定义时的初始化

(4) 构造方法（函数）中的初始化代码

下面举例说明：

<pre name="code" class="java">public class test {
	
	//类属性
	static String a = "string-a";
	static String b;
	
	//对象属性
	String c = "string-c";
	String d;
	
	//static块
	static{
		printStatic("before static");
		b = "string-b";
		printStatic("after static");
	}
	
	public static void printStatic(String title)
	{
		System.out.println("***********"+title+"*****************");
		System.out.println("a = \"" + a + "\"");
		System.out.println("b = \"" + b + "\"");	
	}
	
	//构造函数
	public test()
	{
		print("before constructor");
		d = "string -d";
		print("after constructor");
	}
	
	public void print(String title)
	{
		System.out.println("************"+ title + "****************");
		System.out.println("a = \"" + a + "\"");
		System.out.println("b = \"" + b + "\"");	
		System.out.println("c = \"" + c + "\"");
		System.out.println("d = \"" + d + "\"");	
		
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) 
	{
		new test();

	}

}

上面程序的运行结果如下：

***********before static*****************
a = "string-a" 
b = "null"
***********after static*****************
a = "string-a"
b = "string-b"
************before constructor****************
a = "string-a"
b = "string-b"
c = "string-c"
d = "null"
************after constructor****************
a = "string-a"
b = "string-b"
c = "string-c"
d = "string -d"

由此可以看出类属性与对象属性的初始化顺序。