LeetCode #679. 24 Game

题目描述：

You have 4 cards each containing a number from 1 to 9. You need to judge whether they could operated through *, /, +, -, (, ) to get the value of 24.

Example 1:

Input: [4, 1, 8, 7]
Output: True
Explanation: (8-4) * (7-1) = 24

Example 2:

Input: [1, 2, 1, 2]
Output: False

Note:

1. The division operator / represents real division, not integer division. For example, 4 / (1 - 2/3) = 12.
2. Every operation done is between two numbers. In particular, we cannot use - as a unary operator. For example, with [1, 1, 1, 1] as input, the expression -1 - 1 - 1 - 1 is not allowed.
3. You cannot concatenate numbers together. For example, if the input is [1, 2, 1, 2], we cannot write this as 12 + 12.

class Solution {
public:
    bool judgePoint24(vector<int>& nums) {
        bool result=false;
        vector<double> v;
        for(int num:nums) v.push_back((double)num);
        DFS(v,result);
        return result;
    }
    
    void DFS(vector<double> nums, bool& result)
    {
        if(result) return;
        if(nums.size()==1)
        {
            if(abs(nums[0]-24.0)<zero) result=true;
            return;
        }
        for(int i=0;i<nums.size();i++)
        {
            for(int j=i+1;j<nums.size();j++)
            {   // 考虑六种组合情况，除法需要考虑除数不为零
                unordered_set<double> s;
                s.insert(nums[i]+nums[j]);
                s.insert(nums[i]-nums[j]);
                s.insert(nums[i]*nums[j]);
                if(abs(nums[j])>zero) s.insert(nums[i]/nums[j]);
                s.insert(nums[j]-nums[i]);
                if(abs(nums[i])>zero) s.insert(nums[j]/nums[i]);
                vector<double> tmp=nums;
                // 注意一定要先删除tmp[j]再删除tmp[i]，先删除小的下标会影响之后的元素下标
                tmp.erase(tmp.begin()+j);
                tmp.erase(tmp.begin()+i);
                for(double num:s)
                {
                    tmp.push_back(num);
                    DFS(tmp,result);
                    tmp.pop_back();
                }
            }
        }
    }
private:
    constexpr static double zero=0.0001; // 用极小值表示零，用于判断double
};