- 参考
- CCIE 工程师社区 - https://ccie.lol/blog/2016/07/01/gns3-iou-installation-guide/
- 皮皮的小car
- GNS3介绍及基础环境搭建 - https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Vq4y1v7kL/
- _sev_June
- GNS3完整安装系列① 相关软件准备 - https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1H7411m7R9/
- GNS3完整安装系列② GNS3VM的导入 - https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1H7411m7ub/
- GNS3完整安装系列③ 镜像的导入及使用 - https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1H7411m7Lv/
- Sam小哥哥的奇妙冒险
- GNS3-下载安装和首次启动 - https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1bS4y117Cr/
- GNS3-IOS镜像下载和导入(手工) - https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1894y1Z7tA/
- GNS3-IOS镜像下载和导入(自动) - https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1s44y1V7LZ/
- GNS3-基础命令行 - https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1oF411u7FQ/
GNS3安装和使用教程 - https://blog.csdn.net/zhangpeterx/article/details/86407065, https://github.com/last2win/gns3-intro(大学实验指导,一堆坑只能当面跟你说的那种)
GNS3是一款具有图形化界面可以运行在多平台(windows、linux、macos)的网络虚拟软件。GNS3可以用于虚拟体验Cisco真实的IOS或者是检验将要在真实的路由器上部署实施的相关配置。
GNS能力:
- 和wireshark配合进行抓包实验
- 与虚拟机或本地机器桥接或将多台机器进行桥接,搭建大型实验环境
- 除了模拟IOS外,还支持模拟ASA,甚至模拟N9kv等
💡早期的模拟器
- Dynamips(小凡模拟器)
- packet tracer
- BOSON NETSIM
文章目录
安装GNS3
💡相关软件的介绍
- 客户端 ── gns3-all-in-one https://gns3.com/software/download
- 抓包(数据包捕获程序) ── npcap https://npcap.com/ 💡使用教程 todo
通过gns3-all-in-one安装“客户端”(desktop)、npcap。一路下一步既可。
💡这里选NO
💡先不打开GNS3(有关于GNS3VM的初始化向导设置),先完成GNS3 VM设置
导入GNS3VM(虚拟镜像Server)
💡相关软件的介绍
- vm ── gns3-vm https://gns3.com/software/download-vm
- 虚拟机 ── vmware
GNS3 VM是一个专门用于网络虚拟化的操作系统的虚拟机镜像。
# 添加gns3-vm服务(自动)
- 安装vmware
- 将gns3-vm拖入vmware既可
-
开机(默认nat)
-
打开GNS3,进入“设置向导”
- 选择在虚拟机上运行
- (默认)本地服务配置
- ⚠️设置GNS3 VM。这里选中在VMware中设置号的GNS3 VM
💡设置好后,可以在edit》preferences中查看
- 选择在虚拟机上运行
设置好后,GNS3 VM就会跟随GNS3启动、停止
# 添加gns3-vm服务(手工)
也可以把vm当作server进行连接
- 在gun3 desktop中添加server
- 添加成功后可以在summary中看到
导入IOS/IOU
💡 IOS和IOU的区别
- IOS ── Internetwork Operating System(互联网操作系统)是思科公司为其网络设备开发的操作维护系统。
用户通过命令运行人机界面对网络设备进行功能设置,提供的功能大致为以下几点:
- 网络设备及连接端口的功能首选项设置
- 运行网络协议与网络功能设备之间数据传输安全管理设置
- IOU ── IOS on Unix,思科官方基于 Linux(debian) 的 IOS 操作系统,可以模拟真实交换机和路由器操作系统,一般学习交换技术或者 CCIE LAB 会用到。
💡IOS下载
IOS下载备份仓库 https://ccie.lol/blog/2016/07/03/cisco-ios-image-download/
【官方】3660版本对比 - https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios/12_2/12_2x/12_2xa/release/notes/rn3600xa.html?dtid=osscdc000283
建议下载老版本,如:cisco 3660 IOS jo9o3s-mz (体积小、效率高、运行速度快、能满足一般实验需求)
Feature 解释 Enterprise 企业所需基础功能 FW 防火墙 IDS Plus IDS增强型 IPSec 3DES VPN 💡但是我看论坛上分享的都是c3660-a3jk9s-mz,那就用这个呗
# 添加路由器3660模板(手工)
手工导入 Preference》Dynamips》IOS routers》Run this IOS router on the GNS3 VM
(💡网络设备运行在GNS3VM上会效率更高、更加稳定。这也是为啥要安装GNS3VM的原因)
选择插槽插入的模块。通常实验中路由器至少保持4个物理接口
将路由器启动后,就可以进入路由器后台
# 添加交换机3660模板(手工)
用默认的交换机模板有各种问题,因此我们用路由器模拟交换机
步骤和添加交换机模板一样。不同的是需要在设置平台的时候勾选“This is an EtherSwitch router”,把路由器当作交换机使用
在插槽中可以看到,已经自动添加了16口以太网交换机模块
# 添加路由器3745模板(自动)
如果提示没有镜像,可以到这里下载https://ccie.lol/blog/2016/07/03/cisco-ios-image-download/
(如果没有默认模板镜像文件)或者可以导入一个新模板
名字可以右键在“Configure template”中修改
基础命令行
# 权限
# ── root权限
> ── 普通用户,通过“enable”命令提升权限
💡在控制台中,任何命令都可以使用前缀简写,e.g. interface可简写为int(前提是前缀唯一)
# 查看设备信息(show)
show xx xx
e.g.
R1#show ip interface
FastEthernet0/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down
Internet protocol processing disabled
FastEthernet0/1 is administratively down, line protocol is down
Internet protocol processing disabled
FastEthernet1/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down
Internet protocol processing disabled
FastEthernet2/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down
Internet protocol processing disabled
R1#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
# 配置模式(config)
# 进入配置模式
configure terminal
# 进入配置模式(简写)
conf t
# 退出
exit
end
# 进入接口(interface)配置
# R1 ── 设备名
# config ── 配置模式
# # ── 标识root权限,这个符号后的才是命令
# interface ──
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
# do命令
# 使命令在特权模式下运行
do <命令>
e.g.
# 在config模式下,使用#特权模式的命令
R1(config)#show ip int
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
R1(config)#do show ip int
FastEthernet0/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down
Internet protocol processing disabled
FastEthernet0/1 is administratively down, line protocol is down
Internet protocol processing disabled
FastEthernet1/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down
Internet protocol processing disabled
FastEthernet2/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down
Internet protocol processing disabled
# 查看MAC地址表
💡 Linux 路由表(RIB表、FIB表)、ARP表、MAC表整理 - https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/415032187
查看mac表 (数据链路层、单位=数据帧)
💡mac表在交换机上
show mac
e.g.
# 💡cisco交换机
ESW1#show mac
Destination Address Address Type VLAN Destination Port
------------------- ------------ ---- --------------------
cc02.7fd7.0000 Self 1 Vlan1
cc01.754c.0000 Dynamic 12 FastEthernet1/10
cc01.754c.0001 Dynamic 13 FastEthernet1/11
cc05.803b.0000 Dynamic 12 FastEthernet1/12
cc04.061f.f100 Dynamic 1 FastEthernet1/2
cc04.061f.f101 Dynamic 1 FastEthernet1/3
cc04.061f.f102 Dynamic 1 FastEthernet1/0
cc04.061f.f103 Dynamic 1 FastEthernet1/0
解释
vlan ── 区分不同主机到不同群组
address ── mac地址
dynamic ── 非静态配置,是数据帧进来时动态配置的
port ── 数据帧进来时的端口
# 查看ARP缓存表
💡arp cache表在路由器、终端(pc)上
# 💡cisco路由器
show arp
e.g.
R1#show arp
Protocol Address Age (min) Hardware Addr Type Interface
Internet 13.13.13.1 - cc01.754c.0001 ARPA FastEthernet0/1
Internet 12.12.12.1 - cc01.754c.0000 ARPA FastEthernet0/0
Internet 13.13.13.3 167 cc06.805b.0000 ARPA FastEthernet0/1
Internet 12.12.12.2 168 cc05.803b.0000 ARPA FastEthernet0/0
R1#
# 💡windows
C:\Users\lawsssscat>arp -a
接口: 169.254.82.62 --- 0x5
Internet 地址 物理地址 类型
169.254.255.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff 静态
224.0.0.22 01-00-5e-00-00-16 静态
224.0.0.251 01-00-5e-00-00-fb 静态
224.0.0.252 01-00-5e-00-00-fc 静态
239.255.255.250 01-00-5e-7f-ff-fa 静态
255.255.255.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff 静态
接口: 192.168.206.1 --- 0xc
Internet 地址 物理地址 类型
192.168.206.254 00-50-56-e4-a8-27 动态
192.168.206.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff 静态
224.0.0.22 01-00-5e-00-00-16 静态
224.0.0.251 01-00-5e-00-00-fb 静态
224.0.0.252 01-00-5e-00-00-fc 静态
239.255.255.250 01-00-5e-7f-ff-fa 静态
255.255.255.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff 静态
接口: 192.168.1.130 --- 0x16
Internet 地址 物理地址 类型
192.168.1.21 01-e0-61-9b-01-92 动态
192.168.1.24 88-c3-22-45-31-3c 动态
192.168.1.61 90-09-44-64-81-63 动态
192.168.1.110 e8-a0-cd-3c-98-68 动态
192.168.1.186 04-ed-33-e8-b4-67 动态
192.168.1.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff 静态
224.0.0.22 01-00-5e-00-00-16 静态
224.0.0.251 01-00-5e-00-00-fb 静态
224.0.0.252 01-00-5e-00-00-fc 静态
239.255.255.250 01-00-5e-7f-ff-fa 静态
255.255.255.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff 静态
# 💡ubuntu
$ arp
Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface
192.168.1.130 ether 04:ed:33:e8:b4:67 C ens33
192.168.1.2 ether 88:c3:97:45:59:3c C ens33
smartdns ether 00:e0:66:9b:34:92 C ens33
$ arp -a
? (192.168.1.130) at 04:ed:33:e8:b4:67 [ether] on ens33
? (192.168.1.2) at 88:c3:97:45:59:3c [ether] on ens33
smartdns (192.168.1.1) at 00:e0:66:9b:34:92 [ether] on ens33
# 查看route路由表
# 💡cisco路由器
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.12.12.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 13.13.13.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
# openwrt路由器
$ route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default 172.10.3.4 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 pppoe-wan
172.10.3.4 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 pppoe-wan
192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br-lan
# 案例
R1、R2、R3分别以三种形式连接
💡做链路捆绑,所以交换机上一个方向接两跳线
💡交换机用路由器模拟的,0号模块是路由模块,1号没模块才是交换机模块,所有交换机从1号模块开始连接
路由器配置
配置R1
# ============================ 初始状态
R1#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
# ============================ 配置回环地址 lo0: 1.1.1.1/32
R1#configure
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#interface loopback 0
R1(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:07:02.683: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback0, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#do ip interface brief
ip interface brief
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
R1(config-if)#do show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback0 unassigned YES unset up up
R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#do show ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback0 1.1.1.1 YES manual up up
R1(config)#do ping ip 1.1.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms
# ============================ 配置 f0/0: 12.12.12.1/24
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#do show ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 12.12.12.1 YES manual administratively down down ⚠️ip有了,但状态还是down
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback0 1.1.1.1 YES manual up up
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:42:36.803: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:42:37.803: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#do show ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 12.12.12.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback0 1.1.1.1 YES manual up up
# ============================ 配置 f0/1: 13.13.13.1/24
R1(config-if)#int f0/1
R1(config-if)#ip add 13.13.13.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
*Mar 1 00:44:27.867: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:44:28.867: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#do show ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 12.12.12.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 13.13.13.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback0 1.1.1.1 YES manual up up
# ============================ 检查配置
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#exit
R1#
*Mar 1 00:47:28.835: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R1#sh running-config | ?
append Append redirected output to URL (URLs supporting append operation
only)
begin Begin with the line that matches
exclude Exclude lines that match
include Include lines that match
redirect Redirect output to URL
section Filter a section of output
tee Copy output to URL
R1#sh running-config | section FastE
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 13.13.13.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
interface FastEthernet1/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
interface FastEthernet2/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
R1#sh running-config | section Loop
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
# ============================ ⚠️写入配置
R1#write
Building configuration...
[OK]
R1#
同理,配置R2、R3
R2
conf t
int lo0
ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
int f0/0
ip add 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.0
no shut
int f0/1
ip add 23.23.23.2 255.255.255.0
no shut
end
wr
R2
conf t
int lo0
ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
int f0/0
ip add 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.0
no shut
int f0/1
ip add 23.23.23.2 255.255.255.0
no shut
end
wr
R3
💡 R3比较特殊,有两个子接口(子接口用“.”标识)。而且是模拟trunk的口,所以要告诉这个子接口匹配什么样的802.1q的vlan标签,所以要指定一个encapsulation(封装)命令
R3#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
R3#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
# ======================== 配置 f0/0.13
R3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.13
R3(config-subif)#?
Interface configuration commands:
...
encapsulation Set encapsulation type for an interface
...
R3(config-subif)#encapsulation ?
dot1Q IEEE 802.1Q Virtual LAN
isl Inter Switch Link - Virtual LAN encapsulation
R3(config-subif)#do show ip inter brie
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet0/0.13 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
R3(config-subif)#ip add 13.13.13.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-subif)#do show ip inter brie
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet0/0.13 13.13.13.3 YES manual administratively down down
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
R3(config-subif)#no shutdown ⚠️在只接口上开启接口是不生效的,需要到主接口上开启
R3(config-subif)#do show ip inter brie
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet0/0.13 13.13.13.3 YES manual administratively down down
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
# ======================== 配置 f0/0.23
int f0/0.23
encapsulation dot1Q 23
no shutdown
ip add 23.23.23.3 255.255.255.0
# ======================== 开启接口 f0/0
R3(config-subif)#int f0/0
R3(config-if)#no shut
R3(config-if)#do show ip inter brie
*Mar 1 04:00:07.739: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
*Mar 1 04:00:08.739: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
R3(config-if)#do show ip inter brie
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset up up
FastEthernet0/0.13 13.13.13.3 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/0.23 23.23.23.3 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
# ======================== 开启回环接口
R3(config-if)#int lo0
R3(config-if)#
*Mar 1 04:01:58.294: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback0, changed state to up
R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
# ======================== 写出
R3#show ip int brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset up up
FastEthernet0/0.13 13.13.13.3 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/0.23 23.23.23.3 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
FastEthernet2/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback0 3.3.3.3 YES manual up up
R3#write
Building configuration...
[OK]
交换机的配置
- 三个交换机之间是互联的
- 它们之间用trunk连接
- 每个交换机都有若干个接口和路由器对接
💡我们知道,GNS3的交换机是用路由器上的交换机模块模拟出来的,所以其配置和标准的交换机略微不同
首先,我们在设备中将vlan创建
SW1
# ========================= 设置vlan
ESW1#vlan database
ESW1(vlan)#vlan 12
VLAN 12 added:
Name: VLAN0012
ESW1(vlan)#vlan 13
VLAN 13 added:
Name: VLAN0013
ESW1(vlan)#vlan 23
VLAN 23 added:
Name: VLAN0023
ESW1(vlan)#exit
APPLY completed.
Exiting....
ESW1#
# ========================= 设置vlan连接
ESW1#configure t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
ESW1(config)#int f1/10
ESW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 12
ESW1(config-if)#int f1/11
ESW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 13
ESW1(config-if)#int f1/12
ESW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 12
# ========================= 查看修改的配置
ESW1(config-if)#do sh run interface f1/10
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 85 bytes
!
interface FastEthernet1/10
switchport access vlan 12
duplex full
speed 100
end
⚠️上面命令等于“sh running-config | section 1/10”,但是更快
ESW1(config-if)#do sh running-config | section 1/10
interface FastEthernet1/10
switchport access vlan 12
duplex full
speed 100
# ========================= 设置其他连线为trunk
ESW1(config-if)#do sh run int f1/0
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 57 bytes
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
duplex full
speed 100
end
ESW1(config-if)#int f1/0
ESW1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
ESW1(config-if)#do sh run int f1/0
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 80 bytes
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
switchport mode trunk
duplex full
speed 100
end
# ==== 批量设置
ESW1(config-if)#int range f1/1 - 3
ESW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
ESW1(config-if-range)#
*Mar 1 04:43:44.334: %DTP-5-TRUNKPORTON: Port Fa1/1 has become dot1q trunk
*Mar 1 04:45:03.118: %DTP-5-TRUNKPORTON: Port Fa1/2 has become dot1q trunk
# ========================= 查看vlan配置情况
ESW1#show vlan-switch
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa1/4, Fa1/5, Fa1/6, Fa1/7
Fa1/8, Fa1/9, Fa1/13, Fa1/14
Fa1/15
12 VLAN0012 active Fa1/10, Fa1/12
13 VLAN0013 active Fa1/11
23 VLAN0023 active
1002 fddi-default active
1003 token-ring-default active
1004 fddinet-default active
1005 trnet-default active
VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - - 1002 1003
12 enet 100012 1500 - - - - - 0 0
13 enet 100013 1500 - - - - - 0 0
23 enet 100023 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1002 fddi 101002 1500 - - - - - 1 1003
1003 tr 101003 1500 1005 0 - - srb 1 1002
1004 fdnet 101004 1500 - - 1 ibm - 0 0
1005 trnet 101005 1500 - - 1 ibm - 0 0
# ========================= 查看trunk配置情况
ESW1#show interfaces trunk
Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Fa1/0 on 802.1q trunking 1
Fa1/1 on 802.1q trunking 1
Fa1/2 on 802.1q trunking 1
Fa1/3 on 802.1q trunking 1
Port Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa1/0 1-1005
Fa1/1 1-1005
Fa1/2 1-1005
Fa1/3 1-1005
Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa1/0 1,12-13,23
Fa1/1 1,12-13,23
Fa1/2 1,12-13,23
Fa1/3 1,12-13,23
Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa1/0 1,12-13,23
Fa1/1 1,12-13,23
Fa1/2 1,12-13,23
Fa1/3 1,12-13,23
ESW2#write
Building configuration...
[OK]
SW2
vlan database
vlan 12
vlan 13
vlan 23
exit
configure t
int f1/12
switchport access vlan 23
int f1/13
switchport mode trunk
int range f1/0 - 3
switchport mode trunk
end
write
SW3
int range f1/0 - 3
switchport mode trunk
end
write
连通测试
路由器、交换机都配置好了,就应该可以ping通了
R1#ping ip 12.12.12.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12.12.12.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/28/40 ms
R1#ping ip 13.13.13.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 13.13.13.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/35/88 ms
R2#ping ip 23.23.23.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 23.23.23.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/19/24 ms