Hibernate简介
Hibernate是java与数据库之间的桥梁,Hibernate不仅管理java对象到数据库表的映射,同时提供数据查询和获取数据的方法,极大的减少了开发时,程序员使用SQL和JDBC处理数据的时间。
Hibernate的优势
- Hibernate封装了JDBC
- 开发效率高
- 分布式
- 可扩展,可以自己编码扩展其API
Hibernate简要体系结构
Hibernate体系结构
Hibernate运行过程
Hibernate的Jar包
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate/hibernate-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.2.16.Final</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.postgresql/postgresql -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>42.2.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
Hibernate配置文件
hibernate的Configuration文件
hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!--
~ Hibernate, Relational Persistence for Idiomatic Java
~
~ License: GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), version 2.1 or later.
~ See the lgpl.txt file in the root directory or <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.html>.
-->
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- Database connection settings -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">org.h2.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:h2:mem:db1;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;MVCC=TRUE</property>
<property name="connection.username">sa</property>
<property name="connection.password"/>
<!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->
<property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>
<!-- SQL dialect -->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect</property>
<!-- Disable the second-level cache -->
<property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.internal.NoCacheProvider</property>
<!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
<mapping resource="org/hibernate/tutorial/hbm/Event.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
hibernate映射文件
Xxx.hbm.xml
原则上和实体类在同一个包里
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!--
~ Hibernate, Relational Persistence for Idiomatic Java
~
~ License: GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), version 2.1 or later.
~ See the lgpl.txt file in the root directory or <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.html>.
-->
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="org.hibernate.tutorial.hbm">
<class name="Event" table="EVENTS">
<id name="id" column="EVENT_ID">
<generator class="increment"/>
</id>
<property name="date" type="timestamp" column="EVENT_DATE"/>
<property name="title"/>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>