Unittest源码分析系列-----（六）discover()

def discover(self, start_dir, pattern='test*.py', top_level_dir=None):
        set_implicit_top = False
        if top_level_dir is None and self._top_level_dir is not None:
            # make top_level_dir optional if called from load_tests in a package
            top_level_dir = self._top_level_dir
        elif top_level_dir is None:
            set_implicit_top = True
            top_level_dir = start_dir

        top_level_dir = os.path.abspath(top_level_dir)

        if not top_level_dir in sys.path:
            # all test modules must be importable from the top level directory
            # should we *unconditionally* put the start directory in first
            # in sys.path to minimise likelihood of conflicts between installed
            # modules and development versions?
            sys.path.insert(0, top_level_dir)
        self._top_level_dir = top_level_dir

        is_not_importable = False
        if os.path.isdir(os.path.abspath(start_dir)):
            start_dir = os.path.abspath(start_dir)
            if start_dir != top_level_dir:
                is_not_importable = not os.path.isfile(os.path.join(start_dir, '__init__.py'))
        else:
            # support for discovery from dotted module names
            try:
                __import__(start_dir)
            except ImportError:
                is_not_importable = True
            else:
                the_module = sys.modules[start_dir]
                top_part = start_dir.split('.')[0]
                start_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname((the_module.__file__)))
                if set_implicit_top:
                    self._top_level_dir = self._get_directory_containing_module(top_part)
                    sys.path.remove(top_level_dir)

        if is_not_importable:
            raise ImportError('Start directory is not importable: %r' % start_dir)

        tests = list(self._find_tests(start_dir, pattern))
        return self.suiteClass(tests)

分析1：

set_implicit_top = False
if top_level_dir is None and self._top_level_dir is not None:
    # make top_level_dir optional if called from load_tests in a package
    top_level_dir = self._top_level_dir
elif top_level_dir is None:
    set_implicit_top = True
    top_level_dir = start_dir
#上面是提出顶层目录
top_level_dir = os.path.abspath(top_level_dir) #顶层目录的绝对路径

if not top_level_dir in sys.path: #判断顶层目录有没有在sys.path中，如果没有，则添加到sys.path中
    sys.path.insert(0, top_level_dir)
self._top_level_dir = top_level_dir

这段代码：提取出顶层目录top_level_dir，然后将顶层目录加到sys.path中。

分析2：

is_not_importable = False
if os.path.isdir(os.path.abspath(start_dir)):
    start_dir = os.path.abspath(start_dir)
    if start_dir != top_level_dir:
        is_not_importable = not os.path.isfile(os.path.join(start_dir, '__init__.py'))

本段代码：判断传入的参数start_dir是不是个目录，如果是，将start_dir的绝对路径与top_level_dir的绝对路径进行比较，如果start_dir 绝对路径不等于 top_level_dir绝对路径，那么判断该start_dir目录是否可作为一个包。
如何判断start_dir是不是一个包，通过判断start_dir目录下有没有__init__.py文件，如果start_dir目录下有__init__.py文件，则start_dir就是一个包。如果没有_init__.py文件，那么会报有报错提示

if is_not_importable:
    raise ImportError('Start directory is not importable: %r' % start_dir)

分析3：

tests = list(self._find_tests(start_dir, pattern))
return self.suiteClass(tests)

通过调用_find_tests()方法，通过start_dir和pattern测试用例文件,搜索出所需要的测试用例列表，转换成TestSuite类型后返回。

_find_tests() 的源码有待分析，后续更新…