R语言时间序列常用lubridate包—1

加载包

> library(lubridate)
> library(tidyverse)
> library(nycflights13)

一.创建日期

1.简单创建

• 举例

> today() #具体到日
[1] "2021-09-20"
> now() #具体到秒
[1] "2021-09-20 20:49:51 CST"
# 计算
> as.Date(today())-as.Date("2021-01-01")
Time difference of 262 days

2.字符串创建

• 举例1

##1 日期型，和符号没关系-/
> ymd("20210920")
[1] "2021-09-20"
> ymd("2021/09/20")
[1] "2021-09-20"
> ymd("2021/9/20")
[1] "2021-09-20"
> ymd("2021920")
[1] NA
##年月日，日月年，月日年
> mdy("september 20st, 2021")
[1] "2021-09-20"
> dmy("20-sep-2021")
[1] "2021-09-20"
##2 日期时间型（到秒）
> ymd_hms("2017-01-31 20:11:59")
[1] "2017-01-31 20:11:59 UTC"

• 举例2
• 创建日期，注意formatC函数

 aa <- paste("202109",
+       formatC(1:20,flag = 0,width = 2),
+       sep = "")
> aa
 [1] "20210901" "20210902" "20210903"
 [4] "20210904" "20210905" "20210906"
> ymd(aa)
 [1] "2021-09-01" "2021-09-02" "2021-09-03"
 [4] "2021-09-04" "2021-09-05" "2021-09-06"
> as.Date(ymd(aa))-as.Date("2021/01/01")
Time differences in days
 [1] 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252
[11] 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262

3.日期成分创建

• 举例make_datetime

> flights %>%
+   select(year, month, day, hour, minute) %>%
+   mutate(
+     departure = make_datetime(year, month, day, hour, minute)
+   )
# A tibble: 336,776 x 6
    year month   day  hour minute departure          
   <int> <int> <int> <dbl>  <dbl> <dttm>             
 1  2013     1     1     5     15 2013-01-01 05:15:00
 2  2013     1     1     5     29 2013-01-01 05:29:00
 3  2013     1     1     5     40 2013-01-01 05:40:00
 4  2013     1     1     5     45 2013-01-01 05:45:00
 5  2013     1     1     6      0 2013-01-01 06:00:00
 6  2013     1     1     5     58 2013-01-01 05:58:00
 7  2013     1     1     6      0 2013-01-01 06:00:00
 8  2013     1     1     6      0 2013-01-01 06:00:00
 9  2013     1     1     6      0 2013-01-01 06:00:00
10  2013     1     1     6      0 2013-01-01 06:00:00
# ... with 336,766 more rows