一、DR模式下vip不在同一网段上实现过程(跨网段)
#CIP配置
[root@CIP ~]# hostname -I
172.16.17.77
[root@CIP ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.16.7 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0
172.16.17.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 eth0
#ROUTER配置
[root@ROUTER ~]# ip a a 10.0.0.200/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1
[root@ROUTER ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:4d:3f:4a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.16.7/24 brd 192.168.16.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 10.0.0.200/24 scope global eth0:1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe4d:3f4a/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:4d:3f:54 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.17.17/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global noprefixroute eth1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe4d:3f54/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@ROUTER ~]# hostname -I
192.168.16.7 10.0.0.200 172.16.17.17
[root@ROUTER ~]# echo 'net.ipv4.ip_forward=1' >> /etc/sysctl.conf #设置路由转发
[root@ROUTER ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
#RS1配置
[root@RS1 ~]# hostname -I
192.168.16.17
[root@RS1 ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.16.7 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0
192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 eth0
[root@RS1 ~]# yum -y install httpd && systemctl start httpd
[root@RS1 ~]# hostname -I > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@RS1 ~]# curl 192.168.16.17
192.168.16.17
#修改内核参数,来限制arp响应和通告的级别
[root@RS1 ~]# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
[root@RS1 ~]# echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
[root@RS1 ~]# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
[root@RS1 ~]# echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
#配置VIP
[root@RS1 ~]# ifconfig lo:1 10.0.0.100/32
[root@RS1 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 10.0.0.100/0 scope global lo:1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:e1:84:86 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.16.17/24 brd 192.168.16.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fee1:8486/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
#RS2配置
[root@RS2 ~]# hostname -I
192.168.16.27
[root@RS2 ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.16.7 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0
192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 eth0
[root@RS2 ~]# yum -y install httpd && systemctl start httpd
[root@RS2 ~]# hostname -I > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@RS2 ~]# curl 192.168.16.27
192.168.16.27
#修改内核参数,来限制arp响应和通告的级别
[root@RS2 ~]# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
[root@RS2 ~]# echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
[root@RS2 ~]# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
[root@RS2 ~]# echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
#配置VIP
[root@RS2 ~]# ifconfig lo:1 10.0.0.100/32
[root@RS2 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 10.0.0.100/0 scope global lo:1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:61:3a:ea brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.16.27/24 brd 192.168.16.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe61:3aea/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
#LVS配置
[root@LVS ~]# hostname -I
192.168.16.8
#配置VIP
[root@LVS ~]# ifconfig lo:1 10.0.0.100/32
[root@LVS ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 10.0.0.100/0 scope global lo:1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:45:07:b6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.16.8/24 brd 192.168.16.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe45:7b6/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@LVS ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.16.7 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0
192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 eth0
#配置LVS规则
[root@LVS ~]# yum -y install ipvsadm
[root@LVS ~]# ipvsadm -A -t 10.0.0.100:80 -s rr
[root@LVS ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 10.0.0.100:80 -r 192.168.16.17:80 -g
[root@LVS ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 10.0.0.100:80 -r 192.168.16.27:80 -g
[root@LVS ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 10.0.0.100:80 rr
-> 192.168.16.17:80 Route 1 0 0
-> 192.168.16.27:80 Route 1 0 0
#测试访问
[root@CIP ~]# curl 10.0.0.100
192.168.16.17
[root@CIP ~]# curl 10.0.0.100
192.168.16.27
二、CentOS7.6 中 nfs 客户端使用 /etc/fstab 实现开机自动挂载
#CentOS8作为NFS服务器
[root@CentOS8 ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind
[root@CentOS8 ~]# mkdir /myshare
[root@CentOS8 ~]# setfacl -m u:nobody:rwx /myshare
[root@CentOS8 ~]# vim /etc/exports
/myshare 10.0.0.0/24(rw,all_squash,async)
[root@CentOS8 ~]# exportfs -r
[root@CentOS8 ~]# exportfs -v
/myshare 10.0.0.0/24(async,wdelay,hide,no_subtree_check,sec=sys,rw,root_squash,all_squash
[root@CentOS8 ~]# systemctl start nfs-server
#CentOS7作为NFS客户端
[root@CentOS7 ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind
[root@CentOS7 ~]# showmount -e 10.0.0.8
Export list for 10.0.0.8:
/myshare 10.0.0.0/24
[root@CentOS7 ~]# mkdir /test
[root@CentOS7 ~]# vim /etc/fstab
10.0.0.8:/myshare /test nfs defaults,nosuid,_netdev,noexec 0 0
[root@CentOS7 ~]# mount -a
[root@CentOS7 ~]# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 104806400 1536920 103269480 2% /
/dev/sr0 4554702 4554702 0 100% /mnt/cdrom
/dev/sda3 52403200 32992 52370208 1% /data
/dev/sda1 1038336 133232 905104 13% /boot
10.0.0.8:/myshare 104806400 2478592 102327808 3% /test
三、CentOS7.6 中 nfs 客户端使用 autofs 实现使用 nfs 时实时挂载
#使用上例中CentOS8的配置,新开一个CentOS7实例
[root@CentOS7 ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind autofs
[root@CentOS7 ~]# showmount -e 10.0.0.8
Export list for 10.0.0.8:
/myshare 10.0.0.0/24
#使用据对路径法
[root@CentOS7 ~]# vim /etc/auto.master
/- /etc/test.nfs
[root@CentOS7 ~]# vim /etc/test.nfs
/test -fstype=nfs 10.0.0.8:/myshare
[root@CentOS7 ~]# systemctl start autofs
[root@CentOS7 ~]# ll /test
total 0
[root@CentOS7 ~]# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 104806400 1542724 103263676 2% /
/dev/sr0 4554702 4554702 0 100% /mnt/cdrom
/dev/sda3 52403200 32992 52370208 1% /data
/dev/sda1 1038336 133232 905104 13% /boot
tmpfs 99576 0 99576 0% /run/user/0
10.0.0.8:/myshare 104806400 2478592 102327808 3% /test