VSCode的安装及配置（c++）

准备安装包

• vscode下载地址
  
• MinGw下载地址第二or第四个随意随意(或许这时候已经有了更新的版本了)
  

MinGW的安装及配置

• 安装就是下载解压到自己想放的文件夹即可（以我的为例D:mingw64）路径最好不要有中文
  
• 配置环境变量
  系统—>高级系统设置—>环境变量—>Path（新建，然后添加mingw的路径点击确定就完事了）
  
  
• 最后查看下mingw是否安装成功
  win + r 输入cmd 命令 在窗口中输入gcc - v即可查看当前版本 (由于我安装了Qt所以显示的是之前的版本)
  

vscode的安装及配置

• 下载安装好之后在vscode的左侧找到Extension 搜索chinese插件直接install(如图)
  
• 下载c/c++插件同样进行安装(操作同上)
  
• 配置编译/调试环境
  1.首先是配置默认文件：图中的 .vscode文件夹（可手动创建）然后分别配置三个文件 c_cpp_properties.json，launch.json，tasks.json
  2.配置c_cpp_properties.json 一般来说该文件可以不做改动(即以下内容) PS:该文件不允许注释

{
"configurations": [
    {
        "name": "Win32", 
        "includePath": [                                                                        
            "${workspaceRoot}"
        ],
        "defines": [
            "_DEBUG",
            "UNICODE",
            "__GNUC__=6",
            "__cdecl=__attribute__((__cdecl__))"
        ],
        "intelliSenseMode": "msvc-x64",
        "browse": {
            "path": [
                "${workspaceRoot}"
            ],
            "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
            "databaseFilename": ""
        },
        "cStandard": "c11",
        "cppStandard": "c++17"
    }
],
"version": 4
}

由于我本机Qt的缘故，所以我要重新配置下"includePath"（以解决cout被识别为未定义标志符这个错误）添加mingw及头文件所在的路径

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32", 
            "includePath": [                                                                        
                "${workspaceRoot}",
                "D:/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++",
                "D:\\mingw64\\lib\\gcc\\x86_64-w64-mingw32\\8.1.0\\include\\c++\\x86_64-w64-mingw32",
                "D:\\mingw64\\lib\\gcc\\x86_64-w64-mingw32\\8.1.0\\include\\c++\backward",
                "D:\\mingw64\\lib\\gcc\\x86_64-w64-mingw32\\8.1.0\\include",
                "D:\\mingw64\\lib\\gcc\\x86_64-w64-mingw32\\8.1.0\\include\\c++\tr1",
                "D:\\mingw64\\x86_64-w64-mingw32\\include"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "__GNUC__=6",
                "__cdecl=__attribute__((__cdecl__))"
            ],
            "intelliSenseMode": "msvc-x64",
            "browse": {
                "path": [
                    "${workspaceRoot}"
                ],
                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
                "databaseFilename": ""
            },
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++17"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
    }

3.配置launch.json

{
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "g++.exe build and debug active file",
      "type": "cppdbg",
      "request": "launch",
      "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
      "args": [],
      "stopAtEntry": false,
      "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
      "environment": [],
      "externalConsole": true,                                          //若参数为true，输出结果就会在cmd窗口中显示，若为false，输入输出则显示在终端
      "MIMode": "gdb",
      "miDebuggerPath": "D:\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe",         //只需将本行的路经改为自己mingw所在的路经，以我的为例，将斜线改为双斜线
      "setupCommands": [
        {
          "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
          "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
          "ignoreFailures": true
        }
      ],
      "preLaunchTask": "g++.exe build active file"
    }
  ]
}

4.最后是tasks.json

{
  "version": "2.0.0",
  "tasks": [
    {
      "type": "shell",
      "label": "g++.exe build active file",
      "command": "D:\\mingw64\\bin\\g++.exe",                  //将本行的路经改为自己mingw所在的路经，以我的为例，将斜线改为双斜线
      "args": ["-g", "${file}", "-o", "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"],
      "options": {
        "cwd": "D:\\mingw64\\bin"                              //将本行的路经改为自己mingw所在的路经，只需要到bin目录即可
      },
      "problemMatcher": ["$gcc"],
      "group": {
        "kind": "build",
        "isDefault": true
      }
    }
  ]
}

• 至此vscode基本配置完成（如图）
  
  注：VSCODE文件夹下的工程都得用到 .vscode 里面的配置文件故将该文件夹置顶避免重复配置
  

遇到的一些错误及解决方案

问题：未定义的标志符 “cout”
解决：在c_cpp_properties.json配置文件的"includePath"添加上mingw的一些解析路径


问题：“找不到任务g++.exe build active file”
解决方案：需要在 .vscode 文件中配置 tasks.json 中的 label 字段与 launch.json 中的 preLaunchTask 字段一致.