案例-完成文件下载
文件下载的实质就是文件拷贝,将文件从服务器端拷贝到浏览器端。所以文件下载需 要IO技术将服务器端的文件使用InputStream读取到,在使用 ServletOutputStream写到response缓冲区中
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>使用a标签直接指向服务器上的资源</h1>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.flv">a.flv</a><br>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.jpg">a.jpg</a><br>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.mp3">a.mp3</a><br>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.mp4">a.mp4</a><br>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.txt">a.txt</a><br>
<a href="/WEB14/download/a.zip">a.zip</a><br>
<h1>使用服务器端编码的方式实现文件下载</h1>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?filename=a.flv">a.flv</a><br>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?filename=a.jpg">a.jpg</a><br>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?filename=a.mp3">a.mp3</a><br>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?filename=a.mp4">a.mp4</a><br>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?filename=a.txt">a.txt</a><br>
<a href="/WEB14/downloadServlet?filename=a.zip">a.zip</a><br>
<a href="/WEB14/downLoadServlet2?filename=美女.jpg">美女.jpg</a><br>
</body>
</html>
package com.learn.content;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class ByteServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//使用response获得字节输出流
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
//获得服务器上的图片
String realPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("a.jpg");
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(realPath);
int len = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while((len=in.read(buffer))>0){
out.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
in.close();
out.close();
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
上述代码可以将图片从服务器端传输到浏览器,但浏览器直接解析图片显示在页面上, 而不是提供下载,我们需要设置两个响应头,告知浏览器文件的类型和文件的打开方式。
告知浏览器文件的类型:response.setContentType(文件的MIME类型);
告示浏览器文件的打开方式是下载:
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=文件名称");
package com.itheima.content;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class DownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//获得要下载的文件的名称
String filename = request.getParameter("filename");//a.flv
//要下载的这个文件的类型-----客户端通过文件的MIME类型去区分类型
response.setContentType(this.getServletContext().getMimeType(filename));
//告诉客户端该文件不是直接解析 而是以附件形式打开(下载)
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+filename);
//获取文件的绝对路径
String path = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("download/"+filename);
//获得该文件的输入流
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(path);
//获得输出流---通过response获得的输出流 用于向客户端写内容
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
//文件拷贝的模板代码
int len = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while((len=in.read(buffer))>0){
out.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
in.close();
//out.close();
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}