懒汉式单例

被外部类调用时才创建实例

//懒汉式单例
//在外部需要使用的时候才进行实例化
public class LazySimpleSingleton {
    private LazySimpleSingleton(){}
    //静态块，公共内存区域
    private static LazySimpleSingleton lazy = null;
    public synchronized static LazySimpleSingleton getInstance(){
        if(lazy == null){
            lazy = new LazySimpleSingleton();
        }
        return lazy;
    }
}

public class ExectorThread implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        LazySimpleSingleton singleton = LazySimpleSingleton.getInstance();
//        ThreadLocalSingleton singleton = ThreadLocalSingleton.getInstance();
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + singleton);
    }
}

public class LazySimpleSingletonTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread t1 = new Thread(new ExectorThread());
        Thread t2 = new Thread(new ExectorThread());
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        System.out.println("End");
    }
}

public class LazyDoubleCheckSingleton {
    private volatile static LazyDoubleCheckSingleton lazy = null;

    private LazyDoubleCheckSingleton(){}
    public static LazyDoubleCheckSingleton getInstance(){
        if(lazy == null){
            synchronized (LazyDoubleCheckSingleton.class){
                if(lazy == null){
                    lazy = new LazyDoubleCheckSingleton();
                    //1.分配内存给这个对象
                    //2.初始化对象
                    //3.设置lazy指向刚分配的内存地址
                    //4.初次访问对象
                }
            }
        }
        return lazy;
    }
}

//这种形式兼顾饿汉式的内存浪费，也兼顾synchronized性能问题
//完美地屏蔽了这两个缺点
//史上最牛B的单例模式的实现方式
public class LazyInnerClassSingleton {
    //默认使用LazyInnerClassGeneral的时候，会先初始化内部类
    //如果没使用的话，内部类是不加载的
    private LazyInnerClassSingleton(){
        if(LazyHolder.LAZY != null){
            throw new RuntimeException("不允许创建多个实例");
        }
    }

    //每一个关键字都不是多余的
    //static 是为了使单例的空间共享
    //保证这个方法不会被重写，重载
    public static final LazyInnerClassSingleton getInstance(){
        //在返回结果以前，一定会先加载内部类
        return LazyHolder.LAZY;
    }

    //默认不加载
    private static class LazyHolder{
        private static final LazyInnerClassSingleton LAZY = new LazyInnerClassSingleton();
    }
}

public class LazyInnerClassSingletonTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try{
            //很无聊的情况下，进行破坏
            Class<?> clazz = LazyInnerClassSingleton.class;

            //通过反射拿到私有的构造方法
            Constructor c = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor(null);
            //强制访问，强吻，不愿意也要吻
            c.setAccessible(true);

            //暴力初始化
            Object o1 = c.newInstance();

            //调用了两次构造方法，相当于new了两次
            //犯了原则性问题，
            Object o2 = c.newInstance();

            System.out.println(o1 == o2);
//            Object o2 = c.newInstance();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

public class SeriableSingletonTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SeriableSingleton s1 = null;
        SeriableSingleton s2 = SeriableSingleton.getInstance();

        FileOutputStream fos = null;
        try {
            fos = new FileOutputStream("SeriableSingleton.obj");
            ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
            oos.writeObject(s2);
            oos.flush();
            oos.close();


            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("SeriableSingleton.obj");
            ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
            s1 = (SeriableSingleton)ois.readObject();
            ois.close();

            System.out.println(s1);
            System.out.println(s2);
            System.out.println(s1 == s2);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

//反序列化时导致单例破坏
public class SeriableSingleton implements Serializable {

    //序列化就是说把内存中的状态通过转换成字节码的形式
    //从而转换一个IO流，写入到其他地方(可以是磁盘、网络IO)
    //内存中状态给永久保存下来了

    //反序列化
    //讲已经持久化的字节码内容，转换为IO流
    //通过IO流的读取，进而将读取的内容转换为Java对象
    //在转换过程中会重新创建对象new

    public  final static SeriableSingleton INSTANCE = new SeriableSingleton();
    private SeriableSingleton(){}

    public static SeriableSingleton getInstance(){
        return INSTANCE;
    }

    private  Object readResolve(){
        return  INSTANCE;
    }

}

public final Object readObject()
	throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException
{
	if (enableOverride) {
		return readObjectOverride();
	}

	// if nested read, passHandle contains handle of enclosing object
	int outerHandle = passHandle;
	try {
		Object obj = readObject0(false);
		handles.markDependency(outerHandle, passHandle);
		ClassNotFoundException ex = handles.lookupException(passHandle);
		if (ex != null) {
			throw ex;
		}
		if (depth == 0) {
			vlist.doCallbacks();
		}
		return obj;
	} finally {
		passHandle = outerHandle;
		if (closed && depth == 0) {
			clear();
		}
	}
}

    private Object readObject0(boolean unshared) throws IOException {
        boolean oldMode = bin.getBlockDataMode();
        if (oldMode) {
            int remain = bin.currentBlockRemaining();
            if (remain > 0) {
                throw new OptionalDataException(remain);
            } else if (defaultDataEnd) {
                /*
                 * Fix for 4360508: stream is currently at the end of a field
                 * value block written via default serialization; since there
                 * is no terminating TC_ENDBLOCKDATA tag, simulate
                 * end-of-custom-data behavior explicitly.
                 */
                throw new OptionalDataException(true);
            }
            bin.setBlockDataMode(false);
        }

        byte tc;
        while ((tc = bin.peekByte()) == TC_RESET) {
            bin.readByte();
            handleReset();
        }

        depth++;
        totalObjectRefs++;
        try {
            switch (tc) {
                case TC_NULL:
                    return readNull();

                case TC_REFERENCE:
                    return readHandle(unshared);

                case TC_CLASS:
                    return readClass(unshared);

                case TC_CLASSDESC:
                case TC_PROXYCLASSDESC:
                    return readClassDesc(unshared);

                case TC_STRING:
                case TC_LONGSTRING:
                    return checkResolve(readString(unshared));

                case TC_ARRAY:
                    return checkResolve(readArray(unshared));

                case TC_ENUM:
                    return checkResolve(readEnum(unshared));

                case TC_OBJECT:
                    return checkResolve(readOrdinaryObject(unshared));

                case TC_EXCEPTION:
                    IOException ex = readFatalException();
                    throw new WriteAbortedException("writing aborted", ex);

                case TC_BLOCKDATA:
                case TC_BLOCKDATALONG:
                    if (oldMode) {
                        bin.setBlockDataMode(true);
                        bin.peek();             // force header read
                        throw new OptionalDataException(
                            bin.currentBlockRemaining());
                    } else {
                        throw new StreamCorruptedException(
                            "unexpected block data");
                    }

                case TC_ENDBLOCKDATA:
                    if (oldMode) {
                        throw new OptionalDataException(true);
                    } else {
                        throw new StreamCorruptedException(
                            "unexpected end of block data");
                    }

                default:
                    throw new StreamCorruptedException(
                        String.format("invalid type code: %02X", tc));
            }
        } finally {
            depth--;
            bin.setBlockDataMode(oldMode);
        }
    }

    private Object readOrdinaryObject(boolean unshared)
        throws IOException
    {
        if (bin.readByte() != TC_OBJECT) {
            throw new InternalError();
        }

        ObjectStreamClass desc = readClassDesc(false);
        desc.checkDeserialize();

        Class<?> cl = desc.forClass();
        if (cl == String.class || cl == Class.class
                || cl == ObjectStreamClass.class) {
            throw new InvalidClassException("invalid class descriptor");
        }

        Object obj;
        try {
            obj = desc.isInstantiable() ? desc.newInstance() : null;
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            throw (IOException) new InvalidClassException(
                desc.forClass().getName(),
                "unable to create instance").initCause(ex);
        }

        passHandle = handles.assign(unshared ? unsharedMarker : obj);
        ClassNotFoundException resolveEx = desc.getResolveException();
        if (resolveEx != null) {
            handles.markException(passHandle, resolveEx);
        }

        if (desc.isExternalizable()) {
            readExternalData((Externalizable) obj, desc);
        } else {
            readSerialData(obj, desc);
        }

        handles.finish(passHandle);

        if (obj != null &&
            handles.lookupException(passHandle) == null &&
            desc.hasReadResolveMethod())
        {
            Object rep = desc.invokeReadResolve(obj);
            if (unshared && rep.getClass().isArray()) {
                rep = cloneArray(rep);
            }
            if (rep != obj) {
                // Filter the replacement object
                if (rep != null) {
                    if (rep.getClass().isArray()) {
                        filterCheck(rep.getClass(), Array.getLength(rep));
                    } else {
                        filterCheck(rep.getClass(), -1);
                    }
                }
                handles.setObject(passHandle, obj = rep);
            }
        }

        return obj;
    }

obj = desc.isInstantiable() ? desc.newInstance() : null;

boolean isInstantiable() {
	requireInitialized();
	return (cons != null);
}

if (obj != null &&
	handles.lookupException(passHandle) == null &&
	desc.hasReadResolveMethod())
{
	Object rep = desc.invokeReadResolve(obj);
	if (unshared && rep.getClass().isArray()) {
		rep = cloneArray(rep);
	}
	if (rep != obj) {
		// Filter the replacement object
		if (rep != null) {
			if (rep.getClass().isArray()) {
				filterCheck(rep.getClass(), Array.getLength(rep));
			} else {
				filterCheck(rep.getClass(), -1);
			}
		}
		handles.setObject(passHandle, obj = rep);
	}
}

readResolveMethod = getInheritableMethod(
	cl, "readResolve", null, Object.class);