寻找获取Bean 的入口

AbstractBeanFactory 的getBean()相关方法的源码如下：

//获取IOC容器中指定名称的Bean
@Override
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
	//doGetBean才是真正向IoC容器获取被管理Bean的过程
	return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
}

//获取IOC容器中指定名称和类型的Bean
@Override
public <T> T getBean(String name, @Nullable Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException {
	//doGetBean才是真正向IoC容器获取被管理Bean的过程
	return doGetBean(name, requiredType, null, false);
}

//获取IOC容器中指定名称和参数的Bean
@Override
public Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException {
	//doGetBean才是真正向IoC容器获取被管理Bean的过程
	return doGetBean(name, null, args, false);
}

//获取IOC容器中指定名称、类型和参数的Bean
public <T> T getBean(String name, @Nullable Class<T> requiredType, @Nullable Object... args)
		throws BeansException {
	//doGetBean才是真正向IoC容器获取被管理Bean的过程
	return doGetBean(name, requiredType, args, false);
}

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
//真正实现向IOC容器获取Bean的功能，也是触发依赖注入功能的地方
protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
		@Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {

	//根据指定的名称获取被管理Bean的名称，剥离指定名称中对容器的相关依赖
	//如果指定的是别名，将别名转换为规范的Bean名称
	final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
	Object bean;

	// Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
	//先从缓存中取是否已经有被创建过的单态类型的Bean
	//对于单例模式的Bean整个IOC容器中只创建一次，不需要重复创建
	Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
	//IOC容器创建单例模式Bean实例对象
	if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			//如果指定名称的Bean在容器中已有单例模式的Bean被创建
			//直接返回已经创建的Bean
			if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
				logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
						"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
			}
			else {
				logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
			}
		}
		//获取给定Bean的实例对象，主要是完成FactoryBean的相关处理
		//注意：BeanFactory是管理容器中Bean的工厂，而FactoryBean是
		//创建创建对象的工厂Bean，两者之间有区别
		bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
	}

	else {
		// Fail if we're already creating this bean instance:
		// We're assumably within a circular reference.
		//缓存没有正在创建的单例模式Bean
		//缓存中已经有已经创建的原型模式Bean
		//但是由于循环引用的问题导致实例化对象失败
		if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
			throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
		}

		// Check if bean definition exists in this factory.
		//对IOC容器中是否存在指定名称的BeanDefinition进行检查，首先检查是否
		//能在当前的BeanFactory中获取的所需要的Bean，如果不能则委托当前容器
		//的父级容器去查找，如果还是找不到则沿着容器的继承体系向父级容器查找
		BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
		//当前容器的父级容器存在，且当前容器中不存在指定名称的Bean
		if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
			// Not found -> check parent.
			//解析指定Bean名称的原始名称
			String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
			if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
				return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
						nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
			}
			else if (args != null) {
				// Delegation to parent with explicit args.
				//委派父级容器根据指定名称和显式的参数查找
				return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
			}
			else {
				// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
				//委派父级容器根据指定名称和类型查找
				return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
			}
		}

		//创建的Bean是否需要进行类型验证，一般不需要
		if (!typeCheckOnly) {
			//向容器标记指定的Bean已经被创建
			markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
		}

		try {
			//根据指定Bean名称获取其父级的Bean定义
			//主要解决Bean继承时子类合并父类公共属性问题
			final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
			checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);

			// Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on.
			//获取当前Bean所有依赖Bean的名称
			String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
			//如果当前Bean有依赖Bean
			if (dependsOn != null) {
				for (String dep : dependsOn) {
					if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
						throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
								"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
					}
					//递归调用getBean方法，获取当前Bean的依赖Bean
					registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
					//把被依赖Bean注册给当前依赖的Bean
					getBean(dep);
				}
			}

			// Create bean instance.
			//创建单例模式Bean的实例对象
			if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
				//这里使用了一个匿名内部类，创建Bean实例对象，并且注册给所依赖的对象
				sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
					try {
						//创建一个指定Bean实例对象，如果有父级继承，则合并子类和父类的定义
						return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
					}
					catch (BeansException ex) {
						// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
						// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
						// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
						//显式地从容器单例模式Bean缓存中清除实例对象
						destroySingleton(beanName);
						throw ex;
					}
				});
				//获取给定Bean的实例对象
				bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
			}

			//IOC容器创建原型模式Bean实例对象
			else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
				// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
				//原型模式(Prototype)是每次都会创建一个新的对象
				Object prototypeInstance = null;
				try {
					//回调beforePrototypeCreation方法，默认的功能是注册当前创建的原型对象
					beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
					//创建指定Bean对象实例
					prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
				}
				finally {
					//回调afterPrototypeCreation方法，默认的功能告诉IOC容器指定Bean的原型对象不再创建
					afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
				}
				//获取给定Bean的实例对象
				bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
			}

			//要创建的Bean既不是单例模式，也不是原型模式，则根据Bean定义资源中
			//配置的生命周期范围，选择实例化Bean的合适方法，这种在Web应用程序中
			//比较常用，如：request、session、application等生命周期
			else {
				String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
				final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
				//Bean定义资源中没有配置生命周期范围，则Bean定义不合法
				if (scope == null) {
					throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
				}
				try {
					//这里又使用了一个匿名内部类，获取一个指定生命周期范围的实例
					Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
						beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
						try {
							return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
						}
						finally {
							afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
						}
					});
					//获取给定Bean的实例对象
					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
				}
				catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
					throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
							"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
							"defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
							ex);
				}
			}
		}
		catch (BeansException ex) {
			cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
			throw ex;
		}
	}

	// Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance.
	//对创建的Bean实例对象进行类型检查
	if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
		try {
			T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
			if (convertedBean == null) {
				throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
			}
			return convertedBean;
		}
		catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
						ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
			}
			throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
		}
	}
	return (T) bean;
}

通过上面对向IOC 容器获取Bean 方法的分析，我们可以看到在Spring 中，如果Bean 定义的单例模式(Singleton)，则容器在创建之前先从缓存中查找，以确保整个容器中只存在一个实例对象。如果Bean定义的是原型模式(Prototype)，则容器每次都会创建一个新的实例对象。除此之外，Bean 定义还可以扩展为指定其生命周期范围。

上面的源码只是定义了根据Bean 定义的模式，采取的不同创建Bean 实例对象的策略，具体的Bean实例对象的创建过程由实现了ObjectFactory 接口的匿名内部类的createBean() 方法完成，ObjectFactory 使用委派模式， 具体的Bean 实例创建过程交由其实现类
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory 完成，我们继续分析AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory的createBean()方法的源码，理解其创建Bean 实例的具体实现过程。