常用的Filter以及自定义filter

Route filters allow the modification of the incoming HTTP request or outgoing HTTP response in some manner. Route filters are scoped to a particular route. Spring Cloud Gateway includes many built-in GatewayFilter Factories.

# 1.原文翻译
- 官网: 
    https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/spring-cloud-gateway/2.2.3.RELEASE/reference/html/#gatewayfilter-factories
    
- 路由过滤器允许以某种方式修改传入的HTTP请求或传出的HTTP响应。路由筛选器的作用域是特定路由。springcloudgateway包括许多内置的GatewayFilter工厂。

# 2.作用
- 当我们有很多个服务时，比如下图中的user-service、order-service、product-service等服务，客户端请求各个服务的Api时，每个服务都需要做相同的事情，比如鉴权、限流、日志输出等。

# 2.使用内置过滤器

- AddRequestHeader=X-Request-red, blue						`增加请求头的filter`
- AddRequestParameter=red, blue										`增加请求参数的filterr`
- AddResponseHeader=X-Response-Red, AAA						`增加响应头filter`
- PrefixPath=/emp																	`增加前缀的filter`
- StripPrefix=2																		`去掉前缀的filter`

# 3.使用自定义filter

@Configuration
@Slf4j
public class CustomGlobalFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        log.info("进入自定义的filter");
        if(exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().get("username")!=null){
            log.info("用户身份信息合法,放行请求继续执行!!!");
            return chain.filter(exchange);
        }
        log.info("非法用户,拒绝访问!!!");
       return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return -1;
    }
}