读写配置文件代码（配置文件包含段名）

这是配置文件的格式：

   [ server ]
#ip    = 127.0.0.1
ip     = 192.168.1.245
port   = 1989
user   = root
passwd = root

   [ client ]
ip     = 1.168.1.245
port   = 10000
user   = leptune
passwd = lep

读写配置文件的代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <assert.h>

#define MAX_BUF_LEN 4096
#define DBG printf(" [%s:%d] \n", __FILE__, __LINE__);

void remove_line_break(char *buf)
{/*{{{*/
    char *p = NULL;

    p = strrchr(buf, '\n');
    if (p != NULL) 
    {
        *p = '\0';
    }
}/*}}}*/

void remove_space(char *buf)
{/*{{{*/
    char *p_buf = NULL;
    char *p_tmp = NULL;
    char tmp_buf[MAX_BUF_LEN + 1] = "\0";

    p_tmp = tmp_buf;
    p_buf = buf;
    while (*p_buf != '\0')
    {
        if (*p_buf != ' ') 
        {
            *p_tmp++ = *p_buf;
        }
        p_buf++;
    }

    *p_buf = '\0';
    strcpy(buf, tmp_buf);
}/*}}}*/

/* 如果lines为-1，则复制整个文件 */
int file_copy_nlines(FILE *fp_dest, FILE *fp_src, int start_flag, int lines)
{/*{{{*/
    int i;
    char tmp_buf[MAX_BUF_LEN + 1] = "\0";

    fseek(fp_src, 0L, start_flag);
    if (lines != -1)
    {
        for (i = 0; i < lines; i++)
        {
            fgets(tmp_buf, MAX_BUF_LEN, fp_src);
            fputs(tmp_buf, fp_dest);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        while (NULL != fgets(tmp_buf, MAX_BUF_LEN, fp_src))
        {
            fputs(tmp_buf, fp_dest);
        }
    }

    return 0;
}/*}}}*/

int  get_uniq_name(char *name, int len)
{/*{{{*/
    struct timeval tv;

    gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
    snprintf(name, len, ".%ld_%ld.tmp", tv.tv_sec, tv.tv_usec);
    return 0;
}/*}}}*/

/* 如果没找到则返回-1，找到则返回该key在文件在第几行(从1开始) */
int ini_find_key(FILE *fp_ini, const char *key, char *value)
{/*{{{*/
    int lines = 0;
    long last_loc = 0L;
    char *p = NULL;
    char tmp_buf[MAX_BUF_LEN + 1] = "\0";

    last_loc = ftell(fp_ini);
    while (NULL != fgets(tmp_buf, MAX_BUF_LEN, fp_ini))
    {
        lines++;
        remove_space(tmp_buf);

        if ('[' == tmp_buf[0]) 
        { /* 说明到了下一个段了 */
            break;
        }
        if ('#' == tmp_buf[0])
        { /* 说明是注释行 */
            continue;
        }

        remove_line_break(tmp_buf);
        p = strchr(tmp_buf, '=');
        if (NULL == p) 
        { /* 非法的配置行 */
            continue;
        }
        *p = '\0';

        if (0 == strcmp(key, tmp_buf)) 
        {
            if (value != NULL) 
            {
                strcpy(value, p+1);
            }
            fseek(fp_ini, last_loc, SEEK_SET);
            return lines;
        }
        last_loc = ftell(fp_ini);
    }

    DBG
    return -1;
}/*}}}*/

/* 如果没找到则返回-1，找到则返回该seg在文件在第几行(从1开始) */
int ini_find_seg(FILE *fp_ini, const char *seg_name)
{/*{{{*/
    int lines = 0;
    char *p = NULL;
    char tmp_buf[MAX_BUF_LEN + 1] = "\0";
    char tmp_segname[BUFSIZ + 1] = "\0";

    while (NULL != fgets(tmp_buf, MAX_BUF_LEN, fp_ini))
    {
        lines++;
        remove_space(tmp_buf);

        /* 段名是用[]包起来的，且放在行首 */
        if (tmp_buf[0] != '[') 
        {
            continue;
        }

        p = strchr(tmp_buf, ']');
        if (NULL == p) 
        { /* 不合法段名 */
            continue;
        }
        *p = '\0';

        strcpy(tmp_segname, &tmp_buf[1]);
        if (0 == strcmp(seg_name, tmp_segname)) 
        {
            return lines;
        }
    }

    DBG
    return -1;
}/*}}}*/

void ini_buf_set_value(char *buf, const char *value)
{/*{{{*/
    char *p = NULL;

    p = strrchr(buf, '=');
    assert(p != NULL); /* p == NULL could never be happen */
    p++;

    /* 保留空白 */
    while ((*p != '\0') && (' ' == *p))
        p++;
    strcpy(p, value);
    strcat(p, "\n");
}/*}}}*/

int ini_get(const char *ini_file, const char *seg_name, const char *key, char *value) 
{/*{{{*/
    int ret = 0;
    FILE *fp_ini = NULL;

    fp_ini = fopen(ini_file, "rb");
    if (NULL == fp_ini) 
    {
        DBG
        return -1;
    }

    ret = ini_find_seg(fp_ini, seg_name);
    if (ret < 0) 
    {
        fclose(fp_ini);
        DBG
        return -2;
    }

    ret = ini_find_key(fp_ini, key, value);
    if (ret < 0) 
    {
        fclose(fp_ini);
        DBG
        return -3;
    }
    
    fclose(fp_ini);
    return 0;
}/*}}}*/

int ini_set(const char *ini_file, const char *seg_name, const char *key, const char *value) 
{/*{{{*/
    int ret = 0;
    int lines = 0;
    char tmp_ini_file[BUFSIZ + 1] = "\0";
    char tmp_buf[MAX_BUF_LEN + 1] = "\0";
    FILE *fp_ini = NULL;
    FILE *fp_tmp_ini = NULL;

    fp_ini = fopen(ini_file, "rb");
    if (NULL == fp_ini) 
    {
        DBG
        return -1;
    }

    get_uniq_name(tmp_ini_file, BUFSIZ);
    fp_tmp_ini = fopen(tmp_ini_file, "wb");
    if (NULL == fp_tmp_ini) 
    {
        fclose(fp_ini);
        DBG
        return -4;
    }
    
    ret = ini_find_seg(fp_ini, seg_name);
    if (ret < 0) 
    {
        fclose(fp_tmp_ini);
        fclose(fp_ini);
        DBG
        return -2;
    }
    lines += ret;

    ret = ini_find_key(fp_ini, key, NULL);
    if (ret < 0) 
    {
        fclose(fp_ini);
        fclose(fp_tmp_ini);
        DBG
        return -3;
    }
    lines += ret;

    ret = file_copy_nlines(fp_tmp_ini, fp_ini, SEEK_SET, lines-1);
    if (ret < 0) 
    {
        fclose(fp_ini);
        fclose(fp_tmp_ini);
        DBG
        return -5;
    }
    
    fgets(tmp_buf, MAX_BUF_LEN, fp_ini);
    ini_buf_set_value(tmp_buf, value);
    fputs(tmp_buf, fp_tmp_ini);
    file_copy_nlines(fp_tmp_ini, fp_ini, SEEK_CUR, -1);

    fclose(fp_ini);
    fclose(fp_tmp_ini);

    ret = rename(tmp_ini_file, ini_file);
    if (ret < 0)
    {
        DBG
        return -7;
    }

    return 0;
}/*}}}*/

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{/*{{{*/
    int ret = 0;
    char value[BUFSIZ] = "\0";
    
    if (argc != 4) 
    {
        printf("Usage: %s ini_file seg_name key\n", argv[0]);
        return -1;
    }

    ret = ini_get(argv[1], argv[2], argv[3], value);
    if (ret < 0)
    {
        printf("ini_get err[%d]\n", ret);
        DBG
        return -1;
    }
    printf("[%s][%s]: [%s]\n", argv[2], argv[3], value);
    
    ret = ini_set(argv[1], argv[2], argv[3], "newvalue");
    if (ret < 0) 
    {
        printf("ini_set err:[%d]\n", ret);
        DBG
        return -1;
    }
    printf("succeed to set value: [newvalue]\n");
    
    ret = ini_get(argv[1], argv[2], argv[3], value);
    if (ret < 0)
    {
        printf("ini_get err[%d]\n", ret);
        DBG
        return -1;
    }
    printf("[%s][%s]: [%s]\n", argv[2], argv[3], value);
    
    return 0;
}/*}}}*/

makefile:

CFLAGS = -Werror -Wall -g

all: clean ini

clean:
	rm -f ini