C++PTA习题总结（三）

第九章 类库和C++的标准模板库STL

1.关于用string定义字符串，下列选项中错误的是__D__。

A. string s; s = “hello C++”;
B. string s = “hello C++”;
C. string s(“hello C++”);
D. string s[“hello C++”];
2.使用C++标准string类定义一个字符串，需要包含的头文件_B___。

A. string.h
B. string
C. cstring
D. stdlib.h

3.字符串替换
将文本文件中指定的字符串替换成新字符串。
由于目前的OJ系统暂时不能支持用户读入文件，我们编写程序从键盘输入文件中的内容，当输入的一行为end时，表示结束。end后面有两个字符串，要求用第二个字符串替换文本中所有的第一个字符串。
输入格式:
Xi’an Institute of Posts and Telecommunications is co-designed and implemented by the People’s Government of Shaanxi Province and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
The Institute is located in Xi’an, a historic city in Northwest China, famous for its magnificent ancient culture.
end （表示结束）
Institute （第一个字符串，要求用第二个字符串替换）
University （第二个字符串）
输出格式:
Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications is co-designed and implemented by the People’s Government of Shaanxi Province and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.The University is located in Xi’an, a historic city in Northwest China, famous for its magnificent ancient culture.
输入样例:
Xi’an Institute of Posts and Telecommunications is co-designed and implemented by the People’s Government of Shaanxi Province and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
The Institute is located in Xi’an, a historic city in Northwest China, famous for its magnificent ancient culture.
end
Institute
University

输出样例:
Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications is co-designed and implemented by the People’s Government of Shaanxi Province and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.The University is located in Xi’an, a historic city in Northwest China, famous for its magnificent ancient culture.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    string a, b, c, t;
    int found, i;
    getline(cin, a);
    while(1) {
        getline(cin, t);
        i = t.compare("end");
        if (i == 0)
            break;
        a += "\n";
        a += t;
    }
    a += '\n';
    cin >> b;
    cin >> c;
    found = a.find(b);
    while (found != -1) {
        a.replace(found, b.length(), c);