Android开发笔记(3) 应用程序之间内容分享详解

PS:改变文章标题只为更加详细说明功能和排版,以方便日后复习。这两篇文章已经写得很详细

Android 应用程序之间内容分享详解(一)

转载请注明地址:http://blog.csdn.net/xiaanming/article/details/9395991


一个Andoird应用程序的重要的地方是他们有相互沟通和整合的能力,一个应用程序可以和另一个应用程序交互,接下来我们来看看Android应用之间的内容分享

当你构建Intent的时候,必须要指定Intent的Action触发,定义Intent的Action例如ACTION_SEND,你大概可以猜到指定Action为ACTION_SEND的Intent的作用是从一个Activity发送数据到另一个Activity,甚至跨越不同的进程,将数据发送给另一个Activity,你需要指定数据和他的类型,系统将识别接收的Activity,并显示他们给用户(假如有多个选择的时候)或者立即启动Activity(只要一个选择的时候)

1.发送文本内容


最直接最常用的是用ACTION_SEND来从一个应用发送文本内容到另一个应用,例如,我们的内置浏览器可以与任何页面当前的URL来共享文字,下面的例子就是共享文本内容

Intent sendIntent = new Intent();
sendIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
//这里是你发送的文本
sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "我用手机测试分享内容");
sendIntent.setType("text/plain");
startActivity(sendIntent);

假如你安装了过滤Action为ACTION_SEND, MIME type为“text/plain”的应用程序,这个系统就会启动,假如系统匹配到多个这样子的应用程序,他就会弹出一个Dialog列出所有的应用供用户选择(一个选择器),如下图


可能你觉得上面的代码很简单,我很容易就能写出来,可是你发现了没有,当我们的手机里面没有地图类型的应用程序,你执行startActivity方法,你的程序就会出现Crash(崩溃),所以我们需要先判断下系统是否有这类型的应用程序,判断也很简单

public boolean hasApplication(Intent intent){  
        PackageManager packageManager = getPackageManager();  
        //查询是否有该Intent的Activity  
        List<ResolveInfo> activities = packageManager.queryIntentActivities(intent, 0);  
        //activities里面不为空就有,否则就没有  
        return activities.size() > 0 ? true : false;  

所以我们在startActivity的时候要做上面的判断,这样子我们开发出来的程序才会更加的健壮,少一些Crash用户体验也会更好,假如每次都要判断你师傅会觉得烦?所以我们也可以使用Intent的Intent.createChooser方法

他有如下优点

  • 1.1 即使用户选择了默认的方式,选择器仍然会弹出来
  • 1.2 如果没有匹配到这样的应用程序,系统就会提示消息
  • 1.3 你可以指定选择器Dialog的标题 
Intent sendIntent = new Intent();
sendIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "我用手机测试分享内容");
sendIntent.setType("text/plain");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(sendIntent, "我是弹出框的标题"));

注:某些邮件类应用程序,如Gmail,我们可以使用putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, String[]) 添加一个字符串数组到Intent中


2.发送二进制内容


二进制内容的共享使用Action为ACTION_SEND,在设置适当的MIME类型,并且添加putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, URI),下面是一个常用的共享图片的代码,也可以共享任何类型的二进制内容

Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uriToImage);
shareIntent.setType("image/jpeg");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, getResources().getText(R.string.send_to)));

主要下面几点

  • 你可以使用MIME type为“ */*” ,他只会匹配处理一般数据流的Activity
  • 接收应用程序需要Uri指定数据的访问权限
  1. 在SD卡的文件,我们使用File file = new File(filePath); Uri.fromFile(file),然后把他传递给Intent
  2. 在应用程序的目录中,openFileOutput的模式为MODE_WORLD_READABLE,然后我们可以使用getFileStreamPath()返回一个File,然后利用Uri.fromFile(file)传递给Intent
  3. 可以扫描图像,视频和音频等媒体文件,添加到系统MediaStore使用SCANFILE()来扫描文件,扫描完成后会调用 onScanCompleted()回调方法来返回一个Uri
  4. 图片使用insertImage()方法插入到系统MediaStore也会返回一个图片的Uri

下面是共享图片的例子

Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
File file = new File("mnt/sdcard/share.png");
			
System.out.println(Uri.fromFile(file));
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, Uri.fromFile(file));
shareIntent.setType("image/jpeg");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "共享图片"));

选择QQ空间后,图片就显示在那里了,如下图

我们要共享多个二进制内容利用Action为ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE,下面是我们共享多张图片
ArrayList<Uri> imageUris = new ArrayList<Uri>();
imageUris.add(imageUri1); // Add your image URIs here
imageUris.add(imageUri2);

Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE);
shareIntent.putParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imageUris);
shareIntent.setType("image/*");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Share images to.."));

下面我列出几个常用的MIME type类型

  • text/plain(纯文本)
  • text/html(HTML文档)
  • application/xhtml+xml(XHTML文档)
  • image/gif(GIF图像)
  • image/jpeg(JPEG图像)【PHP中为:image/pjpeg】
  • image/png(PNG图像)【PHP中为:image/x-png】
  • video/mpeg(MPEG动画)
  • application/octet-stream(任意的二进制数据)
  • application/pdf(PDF文档)
  • application/msword(Microsoft Word文件)
  • message/rfc822(RFC 822形式)
  • multipart/alternative(HTML邮件的HTML形式和纯文本形式,相同内容使用不同形式表示)
  • application/x-www-form-urlencoded(使用HTTP的POST方法提交的表单)
  • multipart/form-data(同上,但主要用于表单提交时伴随文件上传的场合)

Android所有支持的MIME type

            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/andrew-inset", "ez");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/dsptype", "tsp");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/futuresplash", "spl");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/hta", "hta");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mac-binhex40", "hqx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mac-compactpro", "cpt");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mathematica", "nb");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msaccess", "mdb");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/oda", "oda");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/ogg", "ogg");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pdf", "pdf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pgp-keys", "key");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pgp-signature", "pgp");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pics-rules", "prf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rar", "rar");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rdf+xml", "rdf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rss+xml", "rss");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/zip", "zip");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.android.package-archive", 
                    "apk");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.cinderella", "cdy");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-pki.stl", "stl");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.database", "odb");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula", "odf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics", "odg");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template",
                    "otg");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image", "odi");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet", "ods");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template",
                    "ots");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text", "odt");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master", "odm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template", "ott");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web", "oth");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msword", "doc");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msword", "dot");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document",
                    "docx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template",
                    "dotx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-excel", "xls");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-excel", "xlt");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
                    "xlsx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template",
                    "xltx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "ppt");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "pot");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "pps");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation",
                    "pptx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template",
                    "potx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow",
                    "ppsx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.rim.cod", "cod");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.smaf", "mmf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.calc", "sdc");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.draw", "sda");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.stardivision.impress", "sdd");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.stardivision.impress", "sdp");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.math", "smf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.writer",
                    "sdw");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.writer",
                    "vor");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.stardivision.writer-global", "sgl");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.calc", "sxc");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.sun.xml.calc.template", "stc");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.draw", "sxd");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.sun.xml.draw.template", "std");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.impress", "sxi");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.sun.xml.impress.template", "sti");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.math", "sxm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.writer", "sxw");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.global", "sxg");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
                    "application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.template", "stw");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.visio", "vsd");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-abiword", "abw");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-apple-diskimage", "dmg");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-bcpio", "bcpio");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-bittorrent", "torrent");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cdf", "cdf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cdlink", "vcd");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-chess-pgn", "pgn");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cpio", "cpio");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-debian-package", "deb");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-debian-package", "udeb");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dcr");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dir");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dxr");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-dms", "dms");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-doom", "wad");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-dvi", "dvi");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-flac", "flac");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pfa");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pfb");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "gsf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pcf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pcf.Z");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-freemind", "mm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-futuresplash", "spl");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gnumeric", "gnumeric");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-go-sgf", "sgf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-graphing-calculator", "gcf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "gtar");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "tgz");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "taz");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-hdf", "hdf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ica", "ica");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-internet-signup", "ins");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-internet-signup", "isp");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-iphone", "iii");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-iso9660-image", "iso");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-jmol", "jmz");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kchart", "chrt");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-killustrator", "kil");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skp");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skd");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skt");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kpresenter", "kpr");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kpresenter", "kpt");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kspread", "ksp");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kword", "kwd");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kword", "kwt");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-latex", "latex");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lha", "lha");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lzh", "lzh");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lzx", "lzx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "frm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "maker");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "frame");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "fb");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "book");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "fbdoc");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-mif", "mif");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ms-wmd", "wmd");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ms-wmz", "wmz");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-msi", "msi");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig", "pac");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-nwc", "nwc");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-object", "o");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-oz-application", "oza");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs12", "p12");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp", "p7r");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs7-crl", "crl");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-quicktimeplayer", "qtl");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-shar", "shar");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-shockwave-flash", "swf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-stuffit", "sit");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-sv4cpio", "sv4cpio");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-sv4crc", "sv4crc");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-tar", "tar");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-texinfo", "texinfo");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-texinfo", "texi");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff", "t");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff", "roff");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff-man", "man");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ustar", "ustar");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-wais-source", "src");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-wingz", "wz");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-webarchive", "webarchive");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-x509-ca-cert", "crt");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-x509-user-cert", "crt");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-xcf", "xcf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-xfig", "fig");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/xhtml+xml", "xhtml");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/3gpp", "3gpp");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/basic", "snd");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "mid");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "midi");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "kar");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mpga");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mpega");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mp2");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mp3");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "m4a");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpegurl", "m3u");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/prs.sid", "sid");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aif");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aiff");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aifc");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-gsm", "gsm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-mpegurl", "m3u");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-ms-wma", "wma");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-ms-wax", "wax");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "ra");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "rm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "ram");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-realaudio", "ra");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-scpls", "pls");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-sd2", "sd2");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-wav", "wav");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/bmp", "bmp");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/gif", "gif");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ico", "cur");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ico", "ico");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ief", "ief");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpeg");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpg");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpe");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/pcx", "pcx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/png", "png");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/svg+xml", "svg");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/svg+xml", "svgz");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/tiff", "tiff");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/tiff", "tif");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.djvu", "djvu");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.djvu", "djv");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.wap.wbmp", "wbmp");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-cmu-raster", "ras");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldraw", "cdr");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldrawpattern", "pat");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldrawtemplate", "cdt");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-corelphotopaint", "cpt");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-icon", "ico");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-jg", "art");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-jng", "jng");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-ms-bmp", "bmp");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-photoshop", "psd");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-anymap", "pnm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-bitmap", "pbm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-graymap", "pgm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-pixmap", "ppm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-rgb", "rgb");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xbitmap", "xbm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xpixmap", "xpm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xwindowdump", "xwd");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/iges", "igs");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/iges", "iges");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "msh");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "mesh");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "silo");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/calendar", "ics");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/calendar", "icz");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/comma-separated-values", "csv");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/css", "css");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/html", "htm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/html", "html");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/h323", "323");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/iuls", "uls");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/mathml", "mml");
            // add it first so it will be the default for ExtensionFromMimeType
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "txt");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "asc");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "text");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "diff");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "po");     // reserve "pot" for vnd.ms-powerpoint
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/richtext", "rtx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/rtf", "rtf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/texmacs", "ts");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/text", "phps");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/tab-separated-values", "tsv");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/xml", "xml");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-bibtex", "bib");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-boo", "boo");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "h++");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "hpp");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "hxx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "hh");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++src", "c++");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++src", "cpp");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++src", "cxx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-chdr", "h");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-component", "htc");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-csh", "csh");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-csrc", "c");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-dsrc", "d");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-haskell", "hs");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-java", "java");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-literate-haskell", "lhs");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-moc", "moc");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pascal", "p");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pascal", "pas");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pcs-gcd", "gcd");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-setext", "etx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tcl", "tcl");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "tex");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "ltx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "sty");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "cls");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-vcalendar", "vcs");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-vcard", "vcf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3gpp");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3gp");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3g2");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dl", "dl");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dv", "dif");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dv", "dv");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/fli", "fli");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/m4v", "m4v");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpeg");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpg");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpe");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mp4", "mp4");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "VOB");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/quicktime", "qt");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/quicktime", "mov");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/vnd.mpegurl", "mxu");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-la-asf", "lsf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-la-asf", "lsx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-mng", "mng");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-asf", "asf");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-asf", "asx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wm", "wm");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wmv", "wmv");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wmx", "wmx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wvx", "wvx");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-msvideo", "avi");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-sgi-movie", "movie");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("x-conference/x-cooltalk", "ice");
            sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("x-epoc/x-sisx-app", "sisx");

上面是发送内容给其他的应用程序,接下来我们分享从其他的应用接收内容用来显示,谢谢大家的关注!

之前给大家分享了你开发的应用程序给其他应用程序分享内容,想了解的朋友点击:Android 应用程序之间内容分享详解(一)今天分享的是从其他的应用程序接收内容,比如你开发了一个社交网络的应用,你其中的某个Activity可以接受人们从其他的应用分享的东西,例如分享文字或者从图库分享图片等等,接下来我们利用一个例子来讲解从其他的应用接受内容

1.我们新建一个Android工程,名字为SharedContext,修改Manifest文件

我们需要在Manifest文件中定义这个Activity能接收什么样的Intent,我们需要创建Intent过滤器,使用 <intent-filter> 元素来过滤我们能接收的Intent,下面我们举个简单的例子,相信大家知道举一反三,下面的例子我们的应用程序可以处理文本,文本文件,单一的图片和多张图片,我们定义Manifest文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.sharedcontext"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="16" />
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name="com.example.sharedcontext.MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            
            <!-- 应用程序的启动 Intent,我们例子只有一个Activity-->
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>

            <!-- 处理文字的Intent 我们需要定义action,  category, 和文字对应的MIME -->
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <data android:mimeType="text/*" />
            </intent-filter>

            <!-- 处理单张图片的Intent -->
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <data android:mimeType="image/*" />
            </intent-filter>

            <!-- 处理多张图片的Intent -->
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND_MULTIPLE" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <data android:mimeType="image/*" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application
</manifest>

当一个应用程序构建上面那样子的Intent,并吧它传递给StartActivity(),我们的应用程序就会被列在Intent选择器中,当用户选择该应用程序就进入相对应的Activity(上面的例子是MainActivity),我们只需要在MainActivity处理这样内容并用相对应的UI显示,  MainActivity如下
package com.example.sharedcontext;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.GridView;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		Intent intent = getIntent();
		//获得Intent的Action
		String action = intent.getAction();
		//获得Intent的MIME type
		String type = intent.getType();
		
		
		if(Intent.ACTION_SEND.equals(action) && type != null){
			//我们这里处理所有的文本类型
			if(type.startsWith("text/")){
				//处理获取到的文本,这里我们用TextView显示
				handleSendText(intent);
			}
			//图片的MIME type有 image/png , image/jepg, image/gif 等,
			else if(type.startsWith("image/")){
				//处理获取到图片,我们用ImageView显示
				handleSendImage(intent);
			}
		}
		else if(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE.equals(action) && type != null){
			 if (type.startsWith("image/")) {
				 	//处理多张图片,我们用一个GridView来显示
		            handleSendMultipleImages(intent); 
		        }
		}
	}


	/**
	 * 用TextView显示文本
	 * 可以打开一般的文本文件
	 * @param intent
	 */
	private void handleSendText(Intent intent){
		 TextView textView = new TextView(this);
		 
		 //一般的文本处理,我们直接显示字符串
		 String sharedText = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT);
		 if(sharedText != null){
			 textView.setText(sharedText);
		 }
		 
		 
		 //文本文件处理,从Uri中获取输入流,然后将输入流转换成字符串
		 Uri textUri = (Uri) intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM);
		 if(textUri != null){
			 try {
				 InputStream inputStream = this.getContentResolver().openInputStream(textUri);
				 textView.setText(inputStream2Byte(inputStream));
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		 }
		
		 //设置给Activity
		 setContentView(textView);
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 将输入流转换成字符串
	 * @param inputStream
	 * @return
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	private String inputStream2Byte(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException{
		ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		
		byte [] buffer = new byte[1024];
		int len = -1;
		
		while((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1){
			bos.write(buffer, 0, len);
		}
		
		bos.close();
		
		//指定编码格式为UIT-8
		return new String(bos.toByteArray(), "UTF-8");
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 用ImageView显示单张图片
	 * @param intent
	 */
	private void handleSendImage(Intent intent) {
	    Uri imageUri = (Uri) intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM);
	    if (imageUri != null) {
	    	ImageView imageView = new ImageView(this);
	    	imageView.setImageURI(imageUri);
	    	setContentView(imageView);
	    }
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 用GridView显示多张图片
	 * @param intent
	 */
	private void handleSendMultipleImages(Intent intent) {
	    final ArrayList<Uri> imageUris = intent.getParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM);
	    if (imageUris != null) {
	    	GridView gridView = new GridView(this);
	    	//设置item的宽度
	    	gridView.setColumnWidth(130);
	    	//设置列为自动适应
	    	gridView.setNumColumns(GridView.AUTO_FIT);
	    	gridView.setAdapter(new GridAdapter(this, imageUris));
	    	setContentView(gridView);
	    	
	    	gridView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {

				@Override
				public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
						final int position, long id) {
					
					//点击GridView的item 可以分享图片给其他应用
					//这里可以参考http://blog.csdn.net/xiaanming/article/details/9395991
					Intent intent = new Intent();
					intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
					intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imageUris.get(position));
					intent.setType("image/*");
					startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "共享图片"));
				}
			});
	    	
	    }
	}
	
	/**
	 * 重写BaseAdapter
	 * @author xiaanming
	 *
	 */
	public class GridAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
		private Context mContext;
		private ArrayList<Uri> list;
		
		public GridAdapter(Context mContext, ArrayList<Uri> list){
			this.list = list;
			this.mContext = mContext;
		}

		@Override
		public int getCount() {
			return list.size();
		}

		@Override
		public Object getItem(int position) {
			return list.get(position);
		}

		@Override
		public long getItemId(int position) {
			return position;
		}

		@Override
		public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
			ImageView imageView;
			if(convertView == null){
				imageView = new ImageView(mContext);
				imageView.setPadding(8, 8, 8, 8);
			}else{
				imageView = (ImageView) convertView;
			}
			imageView.setImageURI(list.get(position));
			return imageView;
		}
	}
}

运行程序之后,然后我们选择系统图库,选择多张图片(如图一)进行分享,我们自己的应用程序分享多张界面(如图二)点击我们应用程序的item,选择分享单张图片(如图三)我们继续选择我们自己的应用程序来显示(如图四),新建一个备忘录保存,长按备忘录进行分享(如图五),分享文本文件的显示界面(如图六)


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