Java中integer值比较问题

项目中两个Integer类型数据在使用==比较时偶尔会出现错误的结果。明明两个整数值相等，但是结果却为false。丈二的和尚摸不着头脑呀。后来通过查阅资料才明白，以下是整理的内容，供以后查阅。
Java的Integer对象有个私有静态内部类IntegerCache，将-128至127之间整数提前实例化了。

/**
     * Cache to support the object identity semantics of autoboxing for values between
     * -128 and 127 (inclusive) as required by JLS.
     *
     * The cache is initialized on first usage.  The size of the cache
     * may be controlled by the {@code -XX:AutoBoxCacheMax=<size>} option.
     * During VM initialization, java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high property
     * may be set and saved in the private system properties in the
     * sun.misc.VM class.
     */

    private static class IntegerCache {
        static final int low = -128;
        static final int high;
        static final Integer cache[];

        static {
            // high value may be configured by property
            int h = 127;
            String integerCacheHighPropValue =
                sun.misc.VM.getSavedProperty("java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high");
            if (integerCacheHighPropValue != null) {
                try {
                    int i = parseInt(integerCacheHighPropValue);
                    i = Math.max(i, 127);
                    // Maximum array size is Integer.MAX_VALUE
                    h = Math.min(i, Integer.MAX_VALUE - (-low) -1);
                } catch( NumberFormatException nfe) {
                    // If the property cannot be parsed into an int, ignore it.
                }
            }
            high = h;

            cache = new Integer[(high - low) + 1];
            int j = low;
            for(int k = 0; k < cache.length; k++)
                cache[k] = new Integer(j++);

            // range [-128, 127] must be interned (JLS7 5.1.7)
            assert IntegerCache.high >= 127;
        }

        private IntegerCache() {}
    }

当Integer类型数据在-128至127之间使用==比较时，直接返回固定的对象引用，是同一个，结果为true。但对于不在这区间的数字是在堆中new出来的。所以地址空间不一样，也就不相等。源码如下：

/**
     * Returns an {@code Integer} instance representing the specified
     * {@code int} value.  If a new {@code Integer} instance is not
     * required, this method should generally be used in preference to
     * the constructor {@link #Integer(int)}, as this method is likely
     * to yield significantly better space and time performance by
     * caching frequently requested values.
     *
     * This method will always cache values in the range -128 to 127,
     * inclusive, and may cache other values outside of this range.
     *
     * @param  i an {@code int} value.
     * @return an {@code Integer} instance representing {@code i}.
     * @since  1.5
     */
    public static Integer valueOf(int i) {
        if (i >= IntegerCache.low && i <= IntegerCache.high)
            return IntegerCache.cache[i + (-IntegerCache.low)];
        return new Integer(i);
    }

那么该如何比较两个Integer类型数据呢？可以使用integer的intValue()、equals()、compareTo()等方法。

package com.lyf.test;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        /**
         * 一、integer在-128至127之间使用==进行比较
         */
        Integer a1 = 123;
        Integer b1 = 123;
        System.out.println("一：" + (a1 == b1));

        /**
         * 二、integer不在-128至127之间使用==进行比较
         */
        Integer a2 = 1230;
        Integer b2 = 1230;
        System.out.println("二：" + (a2 == b2));

        /**
         * 三、使用integer的intValue()，以 int 类型返回该 Integer 的值进行==比较
         */
        Integer a3 = 1230;
        Integer b3 = 1230;
        System.out.println("三：" + (a3.intValue() == b3.intValue()));

        /**
         * 四、使用integer的equals()，比较此对象与指定对象。当且仅当参数不为 null，并且是一个与该对象包含相同 int 值的 Integer 对象时，结果为 true
         */
        Integer a4 = 1230;
        Integer b4 = 1230;
        System.out.println("四：" + (a4.equals(b4)));

        /**
         * 五、使用integer的compareTo()，在数字上比较两个 Integer 对象，如果相等返回0
         */
        Integer a5 = 1230;
        Integer b5 = 1230;
        System.out.println("五：" + (a5.compareTo(b5)));

    }

}

结果：

一：true
二：false
三：true
四：true
五：0