一、linux配置网络地址
-
查看物理机的网段
- win+r打开任务管理器
- cmd 打开windows的窗口
- ipconfig查看虚拟机的相对网卡
-
使用命令: vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
[root@master7 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=static NAME=eth0 DEVICE=eth0 ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=192.168.117.35 PREFIX=24 GATEWAY=192.168.117.2 DNS1=114.114.114.114 DOMAIN=8.8.8.8
- 这里需要解释一下:
- /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-xxx
- 这个是网卡名称,一般centos7以上都是ensxxx
- vim 是命令 用来编辑网卡配置文件的
- /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-xxx
- ifcfg-eth0网卡内容如下:
- type:指定的是以太网类型
- bootproto:这里指定的上网的类型
- dhcp:动态分配网卡
- static:静态网卡
- none:啥都不配
- name:这个是网卡名
- device:也是网卡名
- onboot:开机自启动网卡
- yes:表示自己启动
- no:表示开机不启动
- ipaddr、netmask、gateway:ip、掩码、和网关
- prefix:这里表示24位掩码
- dns1:这里是dns,和域名解析有关系,
- uuid:这个是linux下的识别符,虚拟机很多时候克隆的时候都要删除这个
- 这里需要解释一下:
-
配置好以上的东西后,重启网卡查看效果,
[root@master7 ~]# systemctl restart network [root@master7 ~]# ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:a3:c7:67 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.117.35/24 brd 192.168.117.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:c767/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@master7 ~]# ifconfig eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.117.35 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.117.255 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:c767 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:a3:c7:67 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 367 bytes 32570 (31.8 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 247 bytes 30779 (30.0 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 96 bytes 9888 (9.6 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 96 bytes 9888 (9.6 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
- ip addr 是查看ip的命令
- ifconfig 也是查看ip的命令
二、涉及的命令
-
ip addr 查看网络命令
- ip addr 相当于ip a
- 常用的是:ip addr show 网卡名
[root@master7 ~]# ip a show eth0 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:a3:c7:67 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.117.35/24 brd 192.168.117.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:c767/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@master7 ~]# ip a show eth1 Device "eth1" does not exist.
-
ifconfig 命令
- ifconfig 网卡名 up| down
#安装ifconfig命令,最小化的时候没有这个命令 [root@master7 ~]# yum -y install net-tools #临时开启 [root@master7 ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.117.44 netmask 255.255.255.0 up