安装Pandas报ImportError: DLL load failed: 找不到指定的模块的错误

安装

命令：pip install pandas

C:\Users\user>pip install pandas
Collecting pandas
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d2/81/a1514c993ad8261a2053f356c3ea9a6ad41871a09a8ef9cf46789e371a63/pandas-1.0.3-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl
Collecting numpy>=1.13.3 (from pandas)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5c/74/04e9fb4ed91aaca3bf762429c3567c9523c311b1ef615795737e16f3cd23/numpy-1.18.4-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl (12.8MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 12.8MB 693kB/s
Collecting pytz>=2017.2 (from pandas)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/4f/a4/879454d49688e2fad93e59d7d4efda580b783c745fd2ec2a3adf87b0808d/pytz-2020.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (510kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 512kB 900kB/s
Collecting python-dateutil>=2.6.1 (from pandas)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d4/70/d60450c3dd48ef87586924207ae8907090de0b306af2bce5d134d78615cb/python_dateutil-2.8.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting six>=1.5 (from python-dateutil>=2.6.1->pandas)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/65/eb/1f97cb97bfc2390a276969c6fae16075da282f5058082d4cb10c6c5c1dba/six-1.14.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: numpy, pytz, six, python-dateutil, pandas
Successfully installed numpy-1.18.4 pandas-1.0.3 python-dateutil-2.8.1 pytz-2020.1 six-1.14.0

查看已安装插件

命令：pip list

C:\Users\user>pip list
Package         Version
--------------- -------
numpy           1.18.4
pandas          1.0.3
pip             18.1
python-dateutil 2.8.1
pytz            2020.1
setuptools      40.6.2
six             1.14.0

导包测试

>>> import pandas
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\__init__.py", line 55, in <module>
    from pandas.core.api import (
  File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\api.py", line 29, in <module>
    from pandas.core.groupby import Grouper, NamedAgg
  File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\groupby\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from pandas.core.groupby.generic import DataFrameGroupBy, NamedAgg, SeriesGroupBy
  File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\groupby\generic.py", line 60, in <module>
    from pandas.core.frame import DataFrame
  File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\frame.py", line 124, in <module>
    from pandas.core.series import Series
  File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\series.py", line 4572, in <module>
    Series._add_series_or_dataframe_operations()
  File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\generic.py", line 10349, in _add_series_or_dataframe_operations
    from pandas.core.window import EWM, Expanding, Rolling, Window
  File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\window\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from pandas.core.window.ewm import EWM  # noqa:F401
  File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\window\ewm.py", line 5, in <module>
    import pandas._libs.window.aggregations as window_aggregations
ImportError: DLL load failed: 找不到指定的模块。

初步判定原因

采用pip install pandas安装方式默认会安装最新版，可能会版本不兼容，导致导包出现错误。

解决方案

适当降低pandas的版本号，先查看当前安装的版本，然后卸载，重新指定版本安装：

• 查看已安装pandas的版本号(Version): pip show pandas

C:\Users\user> pip show pandas
Name: pandas
Version: 1.0.3
Summary: Powerful data structures for data analysis, time series,and statistics
Home-page: http://pandas.pydata.org
Author: The PyData Development Team
Author-email: pydata@googlegroups.com
License: BSD
Location: c:\users\user\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages
Requires: pytz, numpy, python-dateutil
Required-by:

• 查看已安装插件当前版本跟最新版本: pip list --outdated

C:\Users\user>pip list --outdated
Package    Version Latest Type
---------- ------- ------ -----
pandas     1.0.0   1.0.3  wheel
pip        18.1    20.1   wheel
setuptools 40.6.2  46.3.0 wheel

• 安装指定版本: pip install 库名==版本号

C:\Users\user> pip install pandas==1.0.3

• 更新升级插件版本： pip install --upgrade 要升级的包名

pip install --upgrade pandas

• 查看pandas可安装的所有版本号（乱传入一个超级大的版本号，即可获取所有可用版本号）

C:\Users\user> pip install pandas==22222222
Collecting pandas==22222
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement pandas==22222 (from versions: 0.1, 0.2b0, 0.2b1, 0.2, 0.3.0b0, 0.3.0b2, 0.3.0, 0.4.0, 0.4.1, 0.4.2, 0.4.3, 0.5.0, 0.6.0, 0.6.1, 0.7.0rc1, 0.7.0, 0.7.1, 0.7.2, 0.7.3, 0.8.0rc1, 0.8.0rc2, 0.8.0, 0.8.1, 0.9.0, 0.9.1, 0.10.0, 0.10.1, 0.11.0, 0.12.0, 0.13.0, 0.13.1, 0.14.0, 0.14.1, 0.15.0, 0.15.1, 0.15.2, 0.16.0, 0.16.1, 0.16.2, 0.17.0, 0.17.1, 0.18.0, 0.18.1, 0.19.0rc1, 0.19.0, 0.19.1, 0.19.2, 0.20.0rc1, 0.20.0, 0.20.1, 0.20.2, 0.20.3, 0.21.0rc1, 0.21.0, 0.21.1, 0.22.0, 0.23.0rc2, 0.23.0, 0.23.1, 0.23.2, 0.23.3, 0.23.4, 0.24.0rc1, 0.24.0, 0.24.1, 0.24.2, 0.25.0rc0, 0.25.0, 0.25.1, 0.25.2, 0.25.3, 1.0.0rc0, 1.0.0, 1.0.1, 1.0.2, 1.0.3)
No matching distribution found for pandas==22222

其中的from versions:就是囊括了所有可用版本。

• 卸载已安装的库：pip uninstall 库名

C:\Users\user>pip uninstall pandas
Uninstalling pandas-1.0.3:
  Would remove:
    c:\users\user\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\pandas-1.0.3.dist-info\*
    c:\users\user\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\pandas\*
Proceed (y/n)? y
  Successfully uninstalled pandas-1.0.3

• 再次安装低版本pandas库

C:\Users\user>pip install pandas==1.0.0
Collecting pandas==1.0.0
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b7/6d/3eaa70da7dac8ca1bc5a26d50d94791aec8d346bc1d326c4d240aa64aca6/pandas-1.0.0-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl (8.8MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 8.8MB 666kB/s
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.6.1 in c:\users\user\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages (from pandas==1.0.0) (2.8.1)
Requirement already satisfied: pytz>=2017.2 in c:\users\user\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages (from pandas==1.0.0) (2020.1)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.13.3 in c:\users\user\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages (from pandas==1.0.0) (1.18.4)
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.5 in c:\users\user\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages (from python-dateutil>=2.6.1->pandas==1.0.0) (1.14.0)
Installing collected packages: pandas
Successfully installed pandas-1.0.0

• 最后测试版本库是否兼容

C:\Users\user>python
Python 3.6.8 (tags/v3.6.8:3c6b436a57, Dec 24 2018, 00:16:47) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pandas
>>>

没有报错，安装成功！

附加

• 查看import库版本

>>> import pandas
>>> pandas.__version__
'1.0.0'

• 查看内置命令的版本: 插件 - V

C:\Users\user>python -V
Python 3.6.8

C:\Users\user>pip -V
pip 18.1 from c:\users\user\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\pip (python 3.6)

• pip更新升级

python -m pip install --upgrade pip

• 卸载pip

python -m pip uninstall pip

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