一、Lambda表达式
前提:是函数式接口(只有一个抽象方法)@FunctionalInterface
写法:拷贝小括号(),写死右箭头->,落地大括号{...}
本质:作为函数式接口的实例。
举例:(o1,o2) -> Integer.compare(o1,o2);
package cn.wyu.lambda;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
/**
* @author linwillen
* @create 2020-04-26-18:44
*/
public class LambdaTest {
//语法格式一:无参,无返回值
@Test
public void test01(){
Runnable r1 = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("我爱Java。。。");
}
};
r1.run();
System.out.println("***************");
Runnable r2 = () -> System.out.println("我爱Java。。。");
r2.run();
}
//语法格式二:lambda有一个参数,无返回值
@Test
public void test2(){
Consumer<String> con1 = new Consumer<String>() {
@Override
public void accept(String s) {
System.out.println(s);
}
};
con1.accept("我爱Spring。。。");
System.out.println("***************");
Consumer<String> con2 = (s) -> {
System.out.println(s);
};
con2.accept("我爱SpringBoot。。。");
}
@Test
public void test3(){
Comparator<Integer> com1 = new Comparator<Integer>() {
@Override
public int compare(Integer o1, Integer o2) {
System.out.println(o1);
System.out.println(o2);
return o1.compareTo(o2);
}
};
System.out.println(com1.compare(2,6));
System.out.println("***************");
Comparator<Integer> com2 = (o1, o2) -> {
System.out.println(o1);
System.out.println(o2);
return o1.compareTo(o2);
};
System.out.println(com2.compare(6, 2));
}
//语法格式三:lambda体只有一条语句时,若return和大括号都有,都可以省略
@Test
public void test4(){
Comparator<Integer> com1 = new Comparator<Integer>() {
@Override
public int compare(Integer o1, Integer o2) {
return o1.compareTo(o2);
}
};
System.out.println(com1.compare(2,6));//-1
System.out.println("***************");
Comparator<Integer> com2 = (o1, o2) -> o1.compareTo(o2);
System.out.println(com2.compare(6, 2));//1
}
}
总结:
->左边:如果lambda表达式左边的形参列表只有一个参数时,其数据类型和()可以省略
->右边:lambda表达式的右边应该用{}包裹,如果右边只有一条执行语句(可能是return语句)的时候,省略return和这一对{}
二、方法引用
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.function.BiPredicate;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.function.Supplier;
/**
* 方法引用:三种使用情况
* 对象::实例方法
* 类::静态方法
*
* 类::非静态方法
*
* @author linwillen
* @create 2020-06-14-23:17
*/
public class MethodRefTest {
//对象::实例方法
//Consumer中的void accept(T t);
//PrintStream中的void println(T x);
@Test
public void test01(){
Consumer<String> con1 = str -> System.out.println("北京");
con1.accept("北京");
System.out.println("================");
PrintStream ps = System.out;
Consumer<String> con2 = ps::println;
//Consumer<String> con2 = System.out::println;
con2.accept("beijing");
}
//对象::实例方法
//Supplier中的T get();
//Employee中的T getName();
@Test
public void test02(){
Employee emp = new Employee(1001,"zhangsna",0,2.1);
Supplier<String> sup1 = () -> emp.getName();
System.out.println(sup1.get());
System.out.println("================");
Supplier<String> sup2 = emp::getName;
System.out.println(sup2.get());
}
//类::静态方法
//Comparator中的int compare(T o1, T o2);
//Integer中的static int compare(T x, T y);
@Test
public void test03(){
Comparator<Integer> com1 = (t1,t2)->Integer.compare(t1,t2);
System.out.println(com1.compare(16, 76));
System.out.println("================");
Comparator<Integer> com2 = Integer::compare;
System.out.println(com2.compare(9, 2));
}
//类::静态方法
//Function中的R apply(T t);
//Math中的static long round(double a);
@Test
public void test04(){
Function<Double,Long> fun1 = d -> Math.round(d);
System.out.println(fun1.apply(12.7));
System.out.println("================");
Function<Double,Long> fun2 = Math::round;
System.out.println(fun2.apply(12.1));
}
//类::非静态方法
//Comparator中的int compare(T o1, T o2);
//String中的int o1.compareTo(o2);
@Test
public void test05(){
Comparator<String> com1 = (s1,s2)->s1.compareTo(s2);
System.out.println(com1.compare("abc", "abd"));
System.out.println("================");
Comparator<String> com2 = String::compareTo;
System.out.println(com2.compare("abc", "abc"));
}
@Test
public void test06(){
BiPredicate<String,String> pre1 = (s1,s2)->s1.equals(s2);
System.out.println(pre1.test("abc", "abc"));
System.out.println("================");
BiPredicate<String,String> pre2 = String::equals;
System.out.println(pre2.test("abc", "abf"));
}
//Function中的R apply(T t);
//Employee中的String getName();
@Test
public void test07(){
Employee employee = new Employee(2,"jgoag",2,25.5);
Function<Employee,String> fun1 = e->e.getName();
System.out.println(fun1.apply(employee));
System.out.println("================");
Function<Employee,String> fun2 = Employee::getName;
System.out.println(fun2.apply(employee));
}
}