Linux 下 安装并配置 Vsftpd 用作静态资源服务器

1.版本信息

Linux 版本 ： CentOS 6.8 64位

vsftpd 版本： vsftpd-2.2.2-24.el6.x86_64

2.安装 vsftpd

yum -y install vsftpd

3. 为 vsftpd 创建目录

现在根目录下创建 ftp 文件夹

mkdir ftpfile  创建结果： /ftpfile

4. 为 vsftpd 创建虚拟用户

useradd ftpuser -d /ftpfile -s /sbin/nologin (这里会弹出一个警告，忽略掉就行了)

修改 ftpfile 权限

chown -R ftpuser.ftpuser /ftpfile/

重设 ftpuser 密码

passwd ftpuser （可以设为 123456 之类的）

5. 进入 ftpfile 文件夹下创建一个 index 文件

cd /ftpfile          vi index.html

here is a ftpfile

6. 配置

cd /etc/vsftpd

vi vsftpd.conf

添加欢迎信息 和 文件夹 指向

ftpd_banner=Welcome to ******* FTP service.

local_root=/ftpfile

anon_root=/ftpfile

use_localtime=YES 

配置 用户文件地址

chroot_local_user=NO
chroot_list_enable=YES
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.
# This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES
# WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.
# NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
ftpd_banner=Welcome to happymmail FTP service.

local_root=/ftpfile

anon_root=/ftpfile

use_localtime=YES

#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
chroot_local_user=NO
chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=YES
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
#listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES

pasv_min_port=61001
pasv_max_port=62000

然后再 /etc/vsftpd/ 目录下创建 chroot_list 文件

vi /etc/vsftpd/chroot_list   把我们的 ftpuser 加上

ftpuser

然后重启 vsftpd 服务  service vsftpd restart

7.配置防火墙

vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

开发 20 21 22 3306 8080 端口

# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -p TCP --dport 61001:62000 -j ACCEPT
-A OUTPUT -p TCP --sport 61001:62000 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -p TCP --dport 20 -j ACCEPT
-A OUTPUT -p TCP --sport 20 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p TCP --dport 21 -j ACCEPT
-A OUTPUT -p TCP --sport 21 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT
COMMIT
   

更新防火墙配置

service iptables restart

8.测试

在本地浏览器上输入 ftp:// IP地址

会出现这样的登录框，输入 ftpuser 和密码

就会出现 ftpfile 目录

在命令行里测试

ftp + ip地址，然后输入 用户名密码

输入 dir 回车就能看到目录下的文件

9. 修改 selinux/config 文件

vi /etc/selinux/config 

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

然后命令  setenforce 0  让它生效

然后重启 vsftpd   service vsftpd restart

10. 为了安全，所以我们要改以下配置

vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

要把  chroot_local_user=YES  改为 chroot_local_user=NO 这样我们的 ftp 就不能进入到上级目录

如果改为 YES 那就可以进入到上级目录，就会很危险