14_字典setitem与getitem

• 重写字典类，实现字典不允许重复的值存入

class DistinctError(BaseException):
    def __str__(self):
        return "字典中存在重复值,引发这个错误!"
    
class MyDict(dict):
    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        if value in self.values():
            if key not in self:
                raise DistinctError()
        super(MyDict,self).__setitem__(key,value)
        
d=MyDict()
d['one']='python'
d['two']='python'
print(d)

• 重载[]，要求输入不存在的键值时不会报错，而是返回我们自定义的内容

class MyDict(dict):
    def __init__(self, default):
      self.default = default
      super(MyDict,self).__init__()
    def __getitem__(self, key):
        if key not in self.keys():
            return self.default
        # 返回键值对应的值
        return super(MyDict,self).__getitem__(key)
    
d=MyDict('no')
d['one']='python'
d['two']='go'
print(d)
print(d['fish'])