/*
* Copyright (c) 2014, 烟台大学计算机学院
* All rights reserved.
* 文件名称:test.cpp
* 作 者:刘畅
* 完成日期:2015 年 5 月 24 日
* 版 本 号:v1.0
*
* 问题描述:阅读程序~~
* 输入描述: ;
* 程序输出:。
(1)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
public:
A()
{
a=0;
}
A (int i)
{
a=i;
}
void print()
{
cout<<a<<" ";
}
private:
int a;
};
class B: public A
{
public:
B()
{
b=0;
}
B(int i, int j, int k): A(i),aa(j)
{
b=k;
}
void print()
{
A::print();
aa.print();
cout<<b<<endl;
}
private:
int b;
A aa;
};
int main()
{
B test[2];
test[0]=B(1,4,7);
test[1]=B(2,5,8);
for(int i=0; i<2; i++)
test[i].print();
return 0;
}
运行结果:
(2)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
public:
A(string s)
{
cout<<s<<endl;
}
};
class B:public A
{
public:
B(string s1, string s2):A(s1)
{
cout<<s2<<endl;
}
};
class C:public A
{
public:
C(string s1,string s2):A(s1)
{
cout<<s2<<endl;
}
};
class D:public B,C
{
public:
D(string s1,string s2,string s3,string s4):B(s1,s2),C(s3,s4)
{
cout<<s4<<endl;
}
};
int main()
{
D d("class A","class B","class C","class D");
return 0;
}
运行结果:
贺老给的阅读代码好像出了点问题,char 的没有输出,于是我给改成了string。。。看运行结果就能大致明白它的构造函数的执行顺序了。
(3)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Base
{
public:
Base(char i) { cout<<"Base constructor. --"<<i<<endl; }
};
class Derived1:virtual public Base
{
public:
Derived1(char i,char j):Base(i)
{
cout<<"Derived1 constructor. --"<<j<<endl;
}
};
class Derived2:virtual public Base
{
public:
Derived2(char i,char j):Base(i)
{
cout<<"Derived2 constructor. --"<<j<<endl;
}
};
class MyDerived:public Derived1,public Derived2
{
public:
MyDerived(char i,char j,char k,char l,char m,char n,char x): Derived2(i,j), Derived1(k,l), Base(m), d(n)
{
cout<<"MyDerived constructor. --"<<x<<endl;
}
private:
Base d;
};
int main()
{
MyDerived obj('A','B','C','D','E','F','G');
return 0;
}
运行结果:
这个还存有疑问。
(4)
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
public:
int n;
};
class B:public A {}; // class B:virtual public A{};
class C:public A {}; // class C:virtual public A{};
class D:public B,public C
{
public:
int getn()
{
return B::n;
}
};
int main()
{
D d;
d.B::n=10;
d.C::n=20;
cout<<d.getn()<<endl;
return 0;
}
运行结果:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
public:
int n;
};
class B:virtual public A{};
class C:virtual public A{};
class D:public B,public C
{
public:
int getn()
{
return B::n;
}
};
int main()
{
D d;
d.B::n=10;
d.C::n=20;
cout<<d.getn()<<endl;
return 0;
}
修改后运行结果:
(5)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
protected:
int a,b;
public:
A(int aa, int bb):a(aa), b(bb) {}
void printA()
{
cout<<"a: "<<a<<"\tb: "<<b<<endl;
}
};
class B: public A
{
int c;
public:
B(int aa, int bb, int cc):A(aa,bb),c(cc) {}
void printB()
{
cout<<"a: "<<a<<"\tb: "<<b<<"\tc: "<<c<<endl;
}
};
int main()
{
A a(1,1);
B b(2,3,4);
//此处加入下面各小题中的代码
return 0;
}
(a)
a=b;
a.printA();
b.printA();
b.printB();
运行结果:
(b)
b=a;
a.printA();
b.printA();
b.printB();
运行结果:
可以通过派生类对象向基类赋值,但反过来是行不通的
(c)
A &r1=a;
A &r2=b;
r1.printA();
r2.printA();
r2.printB();
运行结果:
不能通过派生类对象去访问基类对象的成员,
删除后:
(d)
A *p=&a;
p->printA();
p=&b;
p->printA();
p->printB();
运行结果:
指向基类的指针只能访问派生类中的基类成员,而不能访问派生类中增加的成员。
删除后:
(e)
在classA中增加成员函数:
int getA(){return a;}
在main函数前增加一段函数:
void f(A x)
{
cout<<"aaaaah, my a: "<<x.getA()<<endl;
}
main函数中指定部分为:
f(a);
f(b);
代码如下:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class A
{
protected:
int a,b;
public:
A(int aa, int bb):a(aa), b(bb) {}
void printA()
{
cout<<"a: "<<a<<"\tb: "<<b<<endl;
}
int getA()
{
return a;
}
};
class B: public A
{
int c;
public:
B(int aa, int bb, int cc):A(aa,bb),c(cc) {}
void printB()
{
cout<<"a: "<<a<<"\tb: "<<b<<"\tc: "<<c<<endl;
}
};
void f(A x)
{
cout<<"aaaaah, my a: "<<x.getA()<<endl;
}
int main()
{
A a(1,1);
B b(2,3,4);
f(a);
f(b);
return 0;
}
运行结果:
(6)补充阅读:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class B
{
public:
B(int x=0)
{
X=x;
cout<<"B("<<x<<")\n";
}
~B()
{
cout<<"~B()\n";
}
void print()
{
cout <<X<< " ";
}
private:
int X;
};
class D: public B
{
public:
D (int x, int y):B(x)
{
Y=y;
cout<<"D("<<x<<","<<y<<")\n";
}
~D()
{
cout<<"~D()\n";
}
void print() //与基类中的成员函数同名!这个冲突如何解决的?!
{
B::print();
cout <<Y<<endl;
}
private:
int Y;
};
int main()
{
D d(11,22);
d.print();
return 0;
}
是通过作用域限定符解决了基类和派生类成员函数同名的问题。