python之copy、deepcopy

1、不可变对象：
没区别。

import copy

a = 'dfgd'
b = copy.copy(a)
c = copy.deepcopy(a)
d = a

print(a is b)
print(a is c)
print(a is d)
# a[2][0]=0
print(f'raw:a={a}\ncopy:b={b}\ndeepcopy:c={c}\n=:d={d}')

输出都是true：

True
True
True
raw:a=dfgd
copy:b=dfgd
deepcopy:c=dfgd
=:d=dfgd

2、可变对象
单层：两者均创建了一个新的对象，除了“=”的d以外，全部is判断均为false。
创建对象：

import copy

a = [1,2,3]
b = copy.copy(a)
c = copy.deepcopy(a)
d = a

print(a is b)
print(a is c)
print(a is d)
a[0]=0
print(f'raw:a={a}\ncopy:b={b}\ndeepcopy:c={c}\n=:d={d}')

并且对表层对象修改时，不会影响到独自的对象。输出：

False
False
True
raw:a=[0, 2, 3]
copy:b=[1, 2, 3]
deepcopy:c=[1, 2, 3]
=:d=[0, 2, 3]

多层嵌套：对于嵌套类型的可变对象修改，copy会受影响，而deepcopy不会，测试代码：

import copy

a = [1,2,[3,4]]
b = copy.copy(a)
c = copy.deepcopy(a)
d = a

print(a is b)
print(a is c)
print(a is d)
a[2][0]=0
print(f'raw:a={a}\ncopy:b={b}\ndeepcopy:c={c}\n=:d={d}')

输出：

False
False
True
raw:a=[1, 2, [0, 4]]
copy:b=[1, 2, [0, 4]]
deepcopy:c=[1, 2, [3, 4]]
=:d=[1, 2, [0, 4]]

3、混合型：

import copy

a = (1,2,[3,4])
b = copy.copy(a)
c = copy.deepcopy(a)
d = a

print(a is b)
print(a is c)
print(a is d)
a[2][0]=0
print(f'raw:a={a}\ncopy:b={b}\ndeepcopy:c={c}\n=:d={d}')

输出：

True
False
True
raw:a=(1, 2, [0, 4])
copy:b=(1, 2, [0, 4])
deepcopy:c=(1, 2, [3, 4])
=:d=(1, 2, [0, 4])

对于元组内嵌套列表，除了is的判断copy类型一致，deepcopy不一致。修改也遵从可变对象规则。