java基于tcp实现局域网的群聊系统

·TCP协议的特点：

1.  传输控制协议,提供的是面向连接、可靠的字节流服务。 
   

2.  当客户和服务器彼此交换数据前，必须先在双方之间建立一个TCP连接，之后才能传输数据。 
   

3.  TCP提供超时重发，丢弃重复数据，检验数据，流量控制等功能，保证数据能从一端传到另一端。
   

·聊天室原理：
Socket连接套接字,Java分别为TCP和UDP提供了相应的类,TCP是java.net.ServerSocket(用于服务器端)和java.net.Socket(用于客户端)

服务器端：
package com;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ServerSocket server = null;
ServerInfo si = new ServerInfo();
//1.创建服务器，接收多个客户端的连接
try {
//创建服务器
server = new ServerSocket(9999);
//3.把接收到的消息进行转发
Thread tt = new TransmitThread(si);
tt.setDaemon(true);
tt.start();
while(true) {
//等待客户端连接
Socket socket = server.accept();
System.out.println(socket.getInetAddress() + “连接成功！”);
//2.创建线程处理客户端的功能
//1.接收客户端的信息
Thread t = new RunServerThread(socket, si);
t.setDaemon(true);
t.start();
}

	} catch (IOException e) {

	} finally {
		try {
			server.close();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

}

package com;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;
public class RunServerThread extends Thread {
private Socket socket;
private ServerInfo serverInfo;
public RunServerThread(Socket socket, ServerInfo serverInfo) {
super();
this.socket = socket;
this.serverInfo = serverInfo;
}
@Override
public void run() {
InputStream is = null;
InputStreamReader isr = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
User user = null;
try {
is = socket.getInputStream();
isr = new InputStreamReader(is, “utf-8”);
br = new BufferedReader(isr);
// 接收用户名
String name = br.readLine();
user = new User(name, socket);
serverInfo.getUsers().add(user);
UserMessage um = new UserMessage(user, user.getName() + “加入了聊天室！”);
serverInfo.getMessages().add(um);
synchronized (serverInfo) {
serverInfo.notify();
}
//通知某用户加入聊天室
String message = null;
while (true) {
message = br.readLine();
if(“exit”.equals(message.toLowerCase())) {
//输出某某下线了
um = new UserMessage(new User(“系统”,null), user.getName() + “下线了”);
serverInfo.getMessages().add(um);
synchronized (serverInfo) {
serverInfo.notify();
}
serverInfo.getUsers().remove(user);
break;
}
//把消息发送
um = new UserMessage(user, message);
serverInfo.getMessages().add(um);
//唤醒消息发送的线程
synchronized (serverInfo) {
serverInfo.notify();
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
//退出处理
UserMessage um = new UserMessage(new User(“系统”,null), user.getName() + “下线了”);
serverInfo.getMessages().add(um);
synchronized (serverInfo) {
serverInfo.notify();
}
serverInfo.getUsers().remove(user);
} finally {
try {
br.close();
isr.close();
is.close();
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}

package com;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class ServerInfo {
private ArrayList users;
private ArrayList messages;
public ServerInfo() {
this.users = new ArrayList();
this.messages = new ArrayList();
}
public ArrayList getUsers() {
return users;
}
public ArrayList getMessages() {
return messages;
}
}

package com;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
//转发消息
public class TransmitThread extends Thread {
private ServerInfo si;
public TransmitThread(ServerInfo si) {
super();
this.si = si;
}
@Override
public void run() {
while(true) {
if(si.getMessages().size() > 0) {
//取出第一个消息
UserMessage um = si.getMessages().remove(0);
for (int i = 0; i < si.getUsers().size(); i++) {
if(si.getUsers().get(i) != um.getUser()) {
Socket socket = si.getUsers().get(i).getSocket();
OutputStream os = null;
OutputStreamWriter osw = null;
try {
os = socket.getOutputStream();
osw = new OutputStreamWriter(os,“utf-8”);
osw.write(um.getUser().getName() + “:” +um.getMessage() + “\n”);
osw.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}else {
try {
synchronized (si) {
si.wait();
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}

package com;
import java.net.Socket;
public class User {
private String name;
private Socket socket;
public User() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public User(String name, Socket socket) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.socket = socket;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Socket getSocket() {
return socket;
}
public void setSocket(Socket socket) {
this.socket = socket;
}
}

package com;
public class UserMessage {
private User user;
private String message;
public UserMessage(User user, String message) {
super();
this.user = user;
this.message = message;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
}
客户端：
package com;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
Socket socket = null;
OutputStream os = null;
OutputStreamWriter osw = null;
try {
socket = new Socket(“192.168.5.254”,9999);

		Thread thread = new ReadMessageThread(socket);
		thread.setDaemon(true);
		thread.start();		
		os = socket.getOutputStream();
		osw = new OutputStreamWriter(os,"utf-8");
		//发送用户名
		System.out.print("请输入您的聊天昵称：");
		String name = scanner.nextLine();
		osw.write(name + "\n");
		osw.flush();
		String message = null;
		//发送消息
		while(true) {
			System.out.print(">");
			message = scanner.nextLine();
			osw.write(message+"\n");
			osw.flush();
			if("exit".equals(message.toLowerCase())) {
				break;
			}
		}
	} catch (IOException e) {
		// TODO Auto-generated catch block
		e.printStackTrace();
	}finally {
		try {
			osw.close();
			os.close();
			socket.close();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

}

package com;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;
public class ReadMessageThread extends Thread {
private Socket socket = null;
public ReadMessageThread(Socket socket) {
super();
this.socket = socket;
}
@Override
public void run() {
InputStream is = null;
InputStreamReader isr = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
try {
is = socket.getInputStream();
isr = new InputStreamReader(is, “utf-8”);
br = new BufferedReader(isr);
// 通知某用户加入聊天室
String message = null;
while (true) {
message = br.readLine();
System.out.println(message);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// 退出处理
} finally {
try {
br.close();
isr.close();
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
·类Socket介绍：

  客户端要与服务器建立连接,必须先创建一个Socket对象,它的常用构造方法有: 
  Socket(String host, int port):创建一个流套接字并将其连接到指定主机上的指定端口号。 
Socket(InetAddress address, int port):创建一个流套接字并将其连接到指定 IP 地址的指定端口号。 
Socket(InetAddress address, int port, InetAddress localAddr, int localPort):创建一个套接字并将其连接到指定远程端口上的指定远程地址。 
Socket(String host, int port, InetAddress localAddr, int localPort):创建一个套接字并将其连接到指定远程主机上的指定远程端口。 
对于通常情况的应用,使用第1个构造方法来创建客户端的Socket对象,并与服务器建立连接,是非常简单和方便的.
服务器端程序调用ServerSocket.accept方法等待客户端的连接请求,一旦accept接收了客户端连接请求,该方法返回一个与该客户端建立了专线连接的Socket对象,不用程序去创建这个Socket对象.建立了连接的两个Socket是以IO流的方式进行数据交换的,Java提供了Socket.getInputStream返回Socket的输入流对象,Socket.getOutputStream返回Socket的输出流对象.