dhcp服务器2（dhcp服务器基本配置）

一.dhcp 服务的配置说明以及服务的搭建

1、软件安装

[root@localhost~]# yum install dhcp -y

2、配置文件格式说明

dhcp 服务器的主要配置文件/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

dhcp 服务器与客户端租约建立的起始与到期日记录文件：

/var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases

[root@localhost ]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

示例文件/usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd.conf.example

二.单网段配置dhcp服务

首先，在vmware网络设置界面设置，将使用本地dhcp服务将ip地址分配给主机的选项取消

 切换到/etc/dhcp/

在dhcpd.conf中编辑配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/dhcp/
[root@localhost dhcp]# ls
dhclient.conf  dhclient.d  dhcpd6.conf  dhcpd.conf
[root@localhost dhcp]# vim dhcpd.conf 

编辑如下，#后为注释

#DHCP Server Configuration file.
# see /usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd.conf.example
#see dhcpd.conf(5) man page
ddns-update-style none;     #不允许dns动态更新
ignore client-updates;      #客户端可通过 dhcp 服务器来更新 DNS 相关的信息。设置成 ignore 为忽 
                             略
default-lease-time 600;     #默认租约时间
max-lease-time 7200;        #最大租约时间  
option routers 192.168.179.2; #网关
option domain-name "rhce";    #主机名 
option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114,8.8.8.8; #域名地址
subnet 192.168.179.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {        #子网地址
range 192.168.179.100 192.168.179.150;              #设置的主机范围
}

重启dhcp服务器

[root@localhost dhcp]# systemctl restart dhcpd
[root@localhost dhcp]#

增加一个网卡ens256

ens256: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        ether 00:0c:29:bd:80:5b  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 854  bytes 66539 (64.9 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

可以发现网卡没有IP地址

输入dhclient -d ens256 让ens256动态去获取ip

[root@localhost ~]# dhclient -d ens256
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.3.6
Copyright 2004-2017 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/

Listening on LPF/ens256/00:0c:29:bd:80:5b
Sending on   LPF/ens256/00:0c:29:bd:80:5b
Sending on   Socket/fallback
DHCPDISCOVER on ens256 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 6 (xid=0x84c3154c)
DHCPREQUEST on ens256 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x84c3154c)
DHCPOFFER from 192.168.179.137
DHCPACK from 192.168.179.137 (xid=0x84c3154c)
bound to 192.168.179.101 -- renewal in 239 seconds.

可以发现为ens256分配了192.168.179.101

输入ifconfig查询

ens256: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.179.101  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.179.255
        ether 00:0c:29:bd:80:5b  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 1036  bytes 81689 (79.7 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 21  bytes 2372 (2.3 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

成功分配

二.多网段配置

首先，增加一张网卡ens161

ens161: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        ether 00:0c:29:bd:80:65  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 2410  bytes 230369 (224.9 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 112  bytes 17342 (16.9 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

改变ens224的ip192.168.200.200

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli c modify ens224 ipv4.addresses 192.168.200.200/24
[root@localhost ~]# 

重启ens224

root@localhost ~]# nmcli c up ens224
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/264)

查看ens224

ens224: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.179.131  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.179.255
        inet6 fe80::7a20:93dd:b79d:f526  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:bd:80:51  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 1732  bytes 173357 (169.2 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 110  bytes 15902 (15.5 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

修改成功

切换到/etc/dhcp/路径下，编辑dhcpd.conf增加200网段

#DHCP Server Configuration file.
# see /usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd.conf.example
#see dhcpd.conf(5) man page
#不允许dns动态更新
ddns-update-style none;
ignore client-updates;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
option routers 192.168.179.2;
option domain-name "rhce";
option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114,8.8.8.8;
subnet 192.168.200.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.200.100 192.168.200.150
}
#subnet 192.168.179.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
#range 192.168.179.100 192.168.179.150;
#}

重启dhcp服务器

[root@localhost dhcp]# systemctl restart dhcpd
[root@localhost dhcp]#

为ens160分配ip dhclient -d ens161

[root@localhost dhcp]# dhclient -d ens161
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.3.6
Copyright 2004-2017 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/

Listening on LPF/ens161/00:0c:29:bd:80:65
Sending on   LPF/ens161/00:0c:29:bd:80:65
Sending on   Socket/fallback
DHCPDISCOVER on ens161 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 4 (xid=0x894d6c77)
DHCPREQUEST on ens161 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x894d6c77)
DHCPOFFER from 192.168.200.200
DHCPACK from 192.168.200.200 (xid=0x894d6c77)
bound to 192.168.200.102 -- renewal in 292 seconds.

查看ens161ip

[root@bogon ~]# ifconfig
ens160: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.179.121  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.179.255
        inet6 fe80::c2a3:125b:4110:e090  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:bd:80:47  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 3125  bytes 322057 (314.5 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 276  bytes 32055 (31.3 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens161: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.200.102  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.200.255
        ether 00:0c:29:bd:80:65  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 2464  bytes 235101 (229.5 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 135  bytes 19892 (19.4 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens224: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.200.200  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.200.255
        inet6 fe80::7a20:93dd:b79d:f526  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:bd:80:51  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 2889  bytes 284111 (277.4 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 225  bytes 35412 (34.5 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

分配成功