Centos7 安装Mysql解压版
一、下载MySQL压缩包
下载地址:https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
选择 .tar.gz 包下载
二、上传压缩包至 Centos7 并解压缩
1、使用 winSCP 或 XShell 工具远程连接 Centos7 ,并将MySQL压缩包上传至 Centos7 的 /opt 文件夹下。
2、解压:tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.28-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
3、重命名:
cd /opt
mv mysql-5.7.28-el7-x86_64 /opt/mysql
三、创建 MySQL 用户和用户组
添加用户组:groupadd mysql
添加用户:useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql -d /opt/mysql/
四、创建data目录
由于 MySQL5.7 没有data目录,需要自己手动创建
cd mysql/
mkdir data
五、安装初始化需要依赖
yum -y install numactl
yum install libaio* -y
六、初始化数据库
./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql/ --datadir=/opt/mysql/data/
七、把mysql放到本地系统服务中
cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
九、修改配置文件
cd /etc/
vi my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/opt/mysql
datadir=/opt/mysql/data
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8
collation_server = utf8_general_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
max_connections=200
default-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=32M
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
wait_timeout=388000
interactive_timeout=388000
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
[client]
default_character_set=utf8
port=3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
然后保存退出(Esc :wq)
注意:socket 默认即可,路径无需更改,更改后启动会出现错误导致无法启动。
十、配置文件夹权限
cd /var/log/
mkdir mariadb
echo "" > /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
cd /var/lib/
mkdir /var/lib/mysql
chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql
十一、启动mysql
启动:service mysqld start
停止:service mysqld stop
重启:service mysqld restart
十二、查看初始密码
cat /root/.mysql_secret
十三、建立软连接
由于系统默认会查找/usr/bin下的命令,如果这个命令不在这个目录下,当然会找不到命令,我们需要做的就是映射一个链接到/usr/bin目录下,相当于建立一个链接文件。
ln -s /opt/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin
十四、启动mysql,修改密码,配置连接
mysql -u root -p
set password for 'root'@localhost=password('password');
use mysql;
update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
flush privileges;