2048例子(python版本)

import curses
from random import randrange,choice
from collections import defaultdict


letter_codes=[ord(ch) for ch in 'WASDRQwasdrq']
actions=['Up','Left','Down','Right','Restart','Exit']
actions_dict=dict(zip(letter_codes,actions*2))

def get_user_action(keyword):
    char='N'
    while char not in actions_dict:
        char=keyword.getch()
    return actions_dict[char]

def transpose(field):
    return [list(row) for row in zip(*field)]

def invert(field):
    return [row[::-1] for row in field]


class GameField(object):
    def __init__(self,height=4,width=4,win=2048):
        self.height=height
        self.width=width
        self.win_value=win
        self.score=0
        self.highscore=0
        self.reset()

    def reset(self):
        if self.score>self.highscore:
            self.highscore=self.score
        self.score=0
        self.field=[[0 for i in range(self.width)] for j in range(self.height)]
        self.spawn()
        self.spawn()

    def move(self,direction):
        def move_row_left(row):
            def tighten(row):
                new_row=[i for i in row if i !=0]
                new_row+=[0 for i in range(len(row)-len(new_row))]
                return new_row
            def merge(row):
                pair=False
                new_row=[]
                for i in range(len(row)):
                    if pair:
                        new_row.append(2*(row[i]))
                        self.score+=2*row[i]
                        pair=False
                    else:
                        if i+1<len(row) and row[i]==row[i+1]:
                            pair=True
                            new_row.append(0)
                        else:
                            new_row.append(row[i])
                assert len(new_row)==len(row)
                return new_row
            return tighten(merge(tighten(row)))

        moves={}
        moves['Left']=lambda field:[move_row_left(row) for row in field]
        moves['Right']=lambda field:invert(moves['Left'](invert(field)))
        moves['Up']=lambda field:transpose(moves['Left'](transpose(field)))
        moves['Down']=lambda field:transpose(moves['Right'](transpose(field)))

        if direction in moves:
            if self.move_is_possible(direction):
                self.field=moves[direction](self.field)
                self.spawn()
                return True
            else:
                return False



    def is_win(self):
        return any(any(i>=self.win_value for i in row) for row in self.field)

    def is_gameover(self):
        return not any(self.move_is_possible(move) for move in actions)

    def draw(self,screen):
        help_string1 = '(W)Up (S)Down (A)Left (D)Right'
        help_string2 = '     (R)Restart (Q)Exit'
        gameover_string = '           GAME OVER'
        win_string = '          YOU WIN!'

        def cast(string):
            screen.addstr(string+'\n')

        def draw_hor_separator():
            line='+'+('+------'*self.width+'+')[1:]
            separator=defaultdict(lambda : line)
            if not hasattr(draw_hor_separator,"counter"):
                draw_hor_separator.counter=0
            cast(separator[draw_hor_separator.counter])
            draw_hor_separator.counter+=1

        def draw_row(row):
            # cast(''.join('|{: ^5}'.format(num) if num>0 else '|     ' for num in row)+'|')
            cast(''.join('|{: ^5} '.format(num) if num > 0 else '|      ' for num in row) + '|')
        screen.clear()

        cast('SCORE:'+str(self.score))

        if 0!=self.highscore:
            cast('HIGHSCORE'+str(self.highscore))

        for row in self.field:
            draw_hor_separator()
            draw_row(row)
        draw_hor_separator()

        if self.is_win():
            cast(win_string)
        else:
            if self.is_gameover():
                cast(gameover_string)
            else:
                cast(help_string1)
        cast(help_string2)

    def spawn(self):
        new_element=4 if randrange(100)>89 else 2
        (i,j)=choice([(i,j) for i in range(self.width) for j in range(self.height) if self.field[i][j]==0])
        self.field[i][j]=new_element

    def move_is_possible(self,direction):
        def row_is_left_movable(row):
            def change(i):
                if row[i]==0 and row[i+1]!=0:
                    return True
                if row[i]!=0 and row[i+1]==row[i]:
                    return True
                return False
            return any(change(i) for i in range(len(row)-1))

        check={}
        check['Left']=lambda field:any(row_is_left_movable(row) for row in field)
        check['Right']=lambda field:check['Left'](invert(field))
        check['Up']=lambda field:check['Left'](transpose(field))
        check['Down']=lambda field:check['Right'](transpose(field))

        if direction in check:
            return check[direction](self.field)
        else:
            return False


def main(stdscr):
    def init():
        game_field.reset()
        return 'Game'

    def not_game(state):
        game_field.draw(stdscr)
        action=get_user_action(stdscr)
        responses=defaultdict(lambda :state)
        responses['Restart'],responses['Exit']='Init','Exit'
        return responses[action]

    def game():
        game_field.draw(stdscr)
        action=get_user_action(stdscr)

        if action=='Restart':
            return 'Init'
        if action=='Exit':
            return 'Exit'

        if game_field.move(action):
            if game_field.is_win():
                return 'Win'
            if game_field.is_gameover():
                return 'Gameover'
        return 'Game'
    state_actions={
        'Init':init,
        'Win':lambda :not_game('Win'),
        'Gameover':lambda :not_game('Gameover'),
        'Game':game,
    }

    curses.use_default_colors()
    game_field=GameField(win=32)

    state='Init'

    while state!='Exit':
        state=state_actions[state]()

curses.wrapper(main)

用命令行启动:(先cd到该文件目录)python 2048.py