之前在介绍使用springboot和Spring-data-jpa时,使用了单数据源。在单数据源的情况下,Spring Boot的配置非常简单,只需要在application.properties
文件中配置连接参数即可。但是往往随着业务量发展,我们通常会进行数据库拆分或是引入其他数据库,从而我们需要配置多个数据源,下面基于之前的Spring-data-jpa例子介绍多数据源的配置方式。
多数据源配置
创建一个Spring配置类,定义两个DataSource用来读取application.properties中
的不同配置。如下例子中,主数据源配置为spring.primary.datasource
开头的配置,第二数据源配置为spring.secondary.datasource
开头的配置。
DataSourcesConfig配置类为:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
/**
* @Author:dyz Date:9:34 2019/8/5
*/
/**
* 数据源的配置
*/
@Configuration
public class DataSourcesConfig {
@Bean(name = "primaryDataSource")
@Qualifier("primaryDataSource")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.primary.datasource")
@Primary
public DataSource primaryDataSource() {
return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
@Bean(name = "secondaryDataSource")
@Qualifier("secondaryDataSource")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.secondary.datasource")
public DataSource secondaryDataSource() {
return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
}
对应的application.yml
配置如下:
# 多数据源配置
#primary
spring:
primary:
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://172.16.**.**:63306/hrm?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8
username: ****
password: *****
#secondary
secondary:
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://172.16.**.**:**/autoui?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8
username: *****
password: *******
这里需要注意的是:原来的url字段需要改成jdbc-url。
新增数据源一的JPA配置,注意两处注释的地方,用于指定数据源对应的Entity
实体和Repository
定义位置,用@Primary区分主数据源。
/**
* 数据源一
*/
@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactoryPrimary",
transactionManagerRef = "transactionManagerPrimary",
basePackages = {"com.modules.system.repository.primary"}) //设置Repository所在位置
public class PrimaryConfig {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("primaryDataSource")
private DataSource primaryDataSource;
@Primary
@Bean(name = "entityManagerPrimary")
public EntityManager entityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
return entityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder).getObject().createEntityManager();
}
@Primary
@Bean(name = "entityManagerFactoryPrimary")
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryPrimary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
return builder
.dataSource(primaryDataSource)
.properties(getVendorProperties())
.packages("com.modules.system.domain.primary") //设置实体类所在位置
.persistenceUnit("primaryPersistenceUnit")
.build();
}
@Autowired
private JpaProperties jpaProperties;
private Map<String, String> getVendorProperties() {
return jpaProperties.getProperties();
}
@Primary
@Bean(name = "transactionManagerPrimary")
public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManagerPrimary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder).getObject());
}
}
新增数据源二的JPA配置,内容和数据源一类似。
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* 数据源二
*/
@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactorySecondary",
transactionManagerRef = "transactionManagerSecondary",
basePackages = {"com.modules.system.repository.secondary"}) //设置Repository所在位置
public class SecondaryConfig {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("secondaryDataSource")
private DataSource secondaryDataSource;
@Bean(name = "entityManagerSecondary")
public EntityManager entityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
return entityManagerFactorySecondary(builder).getObject().createEntityManager();
}
@Bean(name = "entityManagerFactorySecondary")
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactorySecondary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
return builder
.dataSource(secondaryDataSource)
.properties(getVendorProperties())
.packages("com.modules.system.domain.secondary") //设置实体类所在位置
.persistenceUnit("secondaryPersistenceUnit")
.build();
}
@Autowired
private JpaProperties jpaProperties;
private Map<String, String> getVendorProperties() {
return jpaProperties.getProperties();
}
@Bean(name = "transactionManagerSecondary")
PlatformTransactionManager transactionManagerSecondary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactorySecondary(builder).getObject());
}
}
然后在对应的包下面创建实体类和数据访问接口,主数据源的数据访问接口位于:com.modules.system.repository.primary,实体类位于:com.modules.system.domain.primary;次数据源的数据访问接口位于:com.modules.system.repository.secondary,实体类位于:com.modules.system.domain.secondary。
最后我们在调用数据访问接口的时候,选择调用不同包下面的数据访问接口,就可以实现访问不同的数据源。