Go语言核心36讲（Go语言实战与应用二）--学习笔记

24 | 测试的基本规则和流程（下）

Go 语言是一门很重视程序测试的编程语言，所以在上一篇中，我与你再三强调了程序测试的重要性，同时，也介绍了关于go test命令的基本规则和主要流程的内容。今天我们继续分享测试的基本规则和流程。

知识扩展

问题 1：怎样解释功能测试的测试结果？

demo53.go

package main

import (
	"errors"
	"flag"
	"fmt"
)

var name string

func init() {
	flag.StringVar(&name, "name", "everyone", "The greeting object.")
}

func main() {
	flag.Parse()
	greeting, err := hello(name)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("error: %s\n", err)
		return
	}
	fmt.Println(greeting, introduce())
}

// hello 用于生成问候内容。
func hello(name string) (string, error) {
	if name == "" {
		return "", errors.New("empty name")
	}
	return fmt.Sprintf("Hello, %s!", name), nil
}

// introduce 用于生成介绍内容。
func introduce() string {
	return "Welcome to my Golang column."
}

demo53_test.go

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"testing"
)

func TestHello(t *testing.T) {
	var name string
	greeting, err := hello(name)
	if err == nil {
		t.Errorf("The error is nil, but it should not be. (name=%q)",
			name)
	}
	if greeting != "" {
		t.Errorf("Nonempty greeting, but it should not be. (name=%q)",
			name)
	}
	name = "Robert"
	greeting, err = hello(name)
	if err != nil {
		t.Errorf("The error is not nil, but it should be. (name=%q)",
			name)
	}
	if greeting == "" {
		t.Errorf("Empty greeting, but it should not be. (name=%q)",
			name)
	}
	expected := fmt.Sprintf("Hello, %s!", name)
	if greeting != expected {
		t.Errorf("The actual greeting %q is not the expected. (name=%q)",
			greeting, name)
	}
	t.Logf("The expected greeting is %q.\n",