磁盘管理1--磁盘分区

1.名词解释

分区方式： mbr（bootloader引导程序446字节，mpt主分区表64字节，55a硬盘标识2字节）、gpt
主分区
扩展分区
逻辑分区

2.磁盘查看命令

fdisk -l ##系统中的所有磁盘设备
df -Th ##系统正在挂载的磁盘设备
blkid ##系统可以挂载的磁盘设备id

3.分区划分

fdisk   /dev/vdb  ##建立磁盘分区

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): m ##获得帮助
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition ##删除分区
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types ##列出系统可用分区类型
m print this menu
n add a new partition ##新建分区
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table ##显示分区
q quit without saving changes ##退出
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition’s system id ##修改分区功能id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit ##保存更改到分区表中
x extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n ##新建分区
Partition type:
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free) ##分区类型为主分区
e extended ##分区类型为扩展分区
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 ##主分区id
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048): ##此分区的起始位置
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +100M ##分区大小
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 MiB is set

Command (m for help): wq ##保存并退出，只输入q则表示放弃更改退出
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]#

partprobe   ##同步分区表
cat /proc/partitions  ##查看系统识别的分区信息
mkfs.xfs /dev/vdb1  ##格式化（安装文件系统）
mount /dev/vdb1  /mnt   ##临时挂载