head 与 tail 就像它的名字一样的浅显易懂,它是用来显示开头或结尾某个数量的文字区块。
head 用来显示档案的开头至标准输出中,而 tail 想当然尔就是看档案的结尾。
命令格式:
head [参数]… [文件]…
命令功能:
head 用来显示档案的开头至标准输出中,默认head命令打印其相应文件的开头10行。
命令参数:
- -q 隐藏文件名
- -v 显示文件名
- -c<字节> 显示字节数
-n<行数> 显示的行数
例1.显示文件的前n行
命令:head -n 5 mt1.txt (或者head -5 mt1.txt )
[mt555@localhost Desktop]$ cat -n mt1.txt
1 hello
2 haw
3 are
4 you
5 waht
6 is
7 your
8 name
9 my
10 name
11 is
12 mt
13 nice
14 to
15 meet
16 you
17
[mt555@localhost Desktop]$ head -5 mt1.txt
hello
haw
are
you
waht
[mt555@localhost Desktop]
例2.显示文件前n个字节
命令:head -c 20 mt1.txt
he[mt555@localhost Desktop]$ head -c 30 mt1.txt # 我的文件内容有空格哦
hello
haw
are
you
waht
is
your
[mt555@localhost Desktop]$
例3.显示文件中除了最后n个字节以外的内容
命令:head -c -30 mt1.txt
[mt555@localhost Desktop]$ cat -n mt1.txt
1 hello
2 haw
3 are
4 you
5 waht
6 is
7 your
8 name
9 my
10 name
11 is
12 mt
13 nice
14 to
15 meet
16 you
17
[mt555@localhost Desktop]$ head -c -30 mt1.txt # 显示出30个字节意外的内容
hello
haw
are
you
waht
is
your
name
my
[mt555@localhost Desktop]$
例4.输出文件除了最后n行的全部内容
命令:head -n -10 mt.txt
[mt555@localhost Desktop]$ head -n -10 mt1.txt
hello
haw
are
you
waht
is
your
[mt555@localhost Desktop]$