Android Studio导入第三方类库、jar包和so库

第三方类库源码

将一网友的XMPP代码从ADT转到AS时，发现其使用了第三方类库，源码放在了lib下，直接在AS中Import project，第三方类库并没有自动导入进来，看来需要自己动手了。

项目的目录结构如下：

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">XMPP$ ls
app    build<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.gradle</span>  gradlew      import-summary<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.txt</span>  XMPP<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.iml</span>
build  gradle        gradlew<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.bat</span>  local<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.properties</span>    settings<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.gradle</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

将第三方源码qqEmoji-lib拷到此目录，修改settings.gradle增加此lib：

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">include</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">':app'</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">':qqEmoji-lib'</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

修改app下的build.gradle，在dependencies内加入：

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">dependencies {
    compile project(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">':qqEmoji-lib'</span>)
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

在qqEmoji-lib下新建build.gradle文件，内容参考如下：

<code class="hljs matlab has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">
apply plugin: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'android-library'</span>

android <span class="hljs-cell" style="box-sizing: border-box;">{
    compileSdkVersion <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">19</span>
    buildToolsVersion "<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">21.1</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.2</span>"

    defaultConfig {
        minSdkVersion <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>
        targetSdkVersion <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">18</span>
    }</span>

    sourceSets <span class="hljs-cell" style="box-sizing: border-box;">{
        main {
            manifest.srcFile <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'AndroidManifest.xml'</span>
            java.srcDirs = [<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'src'</span>]
            resources.srcDirs = [<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'src'</span>]
            aidl.srcDirs = [<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'src'</span>]
            renderscript.srcDirs = [<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'src'</span>]
            res.srcDirs = [<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'res'</span>]
        }</span>
    }
}

dependencies <span class="hljs-cell" style="box-sizing: border-box;">{
    compile <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:19.1.0'</span>
    //compile <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'com.android.support:support-v4:19.1.0'</span>
}</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li></ul>

gradle的配置内容情参考最后第二个链接。

此时项目的结构见下图： 

此时编译，通过，导入成功！

第三方类库jar包

这就简单多了，直接将jar包拷贝到app/libs下，然后在app下的build.gradle中添加此jar的依赖。如下：

<code class="hljs livecodeserver has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">dependencies {
    compile <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'com.android.support:support-v4:19.1.0'</span>
    compile <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">files</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'libs/libammsdk.jar'</span>)
    compile <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">files</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'libs/universal-image-loader-1.8.6-with-sources.jar'</span>)
    compile <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">files</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'libs/YoumiSdk_v5.00_2015-01-08.jar'</span>)
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

第三方so库

通常来说，我们调用第三方的so库是不需要额外工作的，只需将其放入指定目录，然后在java文件中load即可。 
比如我引用之前《第一个NDK程序》中编译出的libFirstLib.so，将其放到app/src/main/jniLibs/armeabi/下，在源码中引用：

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> {  
    System.loadLibrary(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"FirstLib"</span>); 
    }  </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

即可。程序运行如下图： 

参考： 
http://www.cnblogs.com/neozhu/p/3458759.html 

http://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1415793464648.html

Android Studio无法使用Apache的HttpClient

你可能需要把以前的项目从Eclipse移到Android Studio, 如果你使用了HttpClient以及和他相关的开源框架, 恭喜你, 可能会报一下错, 

这么大的事, 官方也给了解决方案: 
官方文档: Android 6.0 Changes 
http://developer.android.com/intl/zh-cn/about/versions/marshmallow/android-6.0-changes.html#behavior-apache-http-client

Apache HTTP Client Removal

　　Android 6.0 release removes support for the Apache HTTP client. If your app is using this client and targets Android 2.3 (API level 9) or higher, use the HttpURLConnection class instead. This API is more efficient because it reduces network use through transparent compression and response caching, and minimizes power consumption. To continue using the Apache HTTP APIs, you must first declare the following compile-time dependency in your build.gradle file:

android {
    useLibrary 'org.apache.http.legacy'
}

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　　大概就是删除了HttpClient, 用HttpURLConnection替代, 巴拉巴拉…. 如果还要继续使用Apache HTTP API, 需要在Module的build.gradle里面配置这句:

android {
     useLibrary 'org.apache.http.legacy'
}

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在然后就能用HttpClient了