element 实现上传单个图片功能（上传一张图片后隐藏上传按钮功能）完整demo供参考

<!-- demo 上传单个图片-->
<template>
  <div>
    <h2 style="margin-bottom:10px">上传单个图片</h2>
    <el-upload
        class="avatar-uploader"
        action="https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/"
        list-type="picture-card"
        :on-preview="handlePictureCardPreview"
        :on-remove="handleRemove"
        :http-request="httpRequest"
        :class="{'demo-httpRequestImg':httpRequestImg}"
        >
        <i class="el-icon-plus"></i>
    </el-upload>
    <el-dialog :visible.sync="dialogVisibleImg" append-to-body class="ImgClass">
        <img width="100%" :src="dialogImageUrl" alt="">
    </el-dialog>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  data(){
    return{
      dialogImageUrl: '',//预览url
      dialogVisibleImg:false,
      httpRequestImg:false,//展示单个图片
    }
  },
  methods:{
    httpRequest(a) { //上传成功
      this.httpRequestImg = true;
    },
    handlePictureCardPreview(file) { //预览
      this.dialogImageUrl = file.url;
      this.dialogVisibleImg = true;
    },
    handleRemove(file, fileList) { //删除
      this.httpRequestImg = false;
      console.log(file, fileList);
    },
  }
}
</script>

<style lang="scss" scoped>
  .demo-httpRequestImg{
    /deep/ .el-upload--picture-card{
        display: none;
    }
  } 
</style>