typescript-基础类型

布尔值

let isBegin: boolean = false;

数值

let count: number = 888;

字符串

let name: string = 'ts';
let name1: string = "ts1";
let name2: string = `ts2`;

数组

let arr: number[] = [1,2,3];
let arr1: Array<number> = [1,2,3];//数组泛型
let arr2: (number|string)[] = [1,'2']

元组Tuple

元组类型允许一个已知元素数量和类型的数组，各个元素的类型不必相同。

let tp: [number,string] = [1,'ts'];

枚举enum

enum Color { Red, Green, Bule }
let e: Color = Color.Bule;
// e => 2

enum Color1 { R = 1, G = 2, B = 4 }
let e1: string = Color1[4];
// e1 => B

enum Color2 { R1 = 1, G1, B1 }
let e2: string = Color2[2]
// e2 => G1

Any

let ts:any = 1;
ts = false;
ts = 'ts';
...

Void

function Fn():void{
	console.log('info');
}

null & undefined

let n:null = null;
let u:undefined = undefined;

never

//返回never的函数必须存在无法到达的终点
function nv(msg: string): never {
    throw new Error(msg);
}
function nv1(msg: string): never {
    while (true) {
    }
}

Object

//对象类型
const p: {
    name: string,
    age: number
} = {
    name: '张三',
    age: 18
}

// 数组类型
const p1: string[] = ['张三', '李四', '王五']

// 类类型
class Person { }
const p2: Person = new Person();

// 函数类型
const p3: () => string = () => {
    return 'string类型'
}

类型注解、类型推断和类型断言

let num: number;
num = 1;
//这种明确变量的类型：类型注解

let str = '张三';
//这种没有进行类型注解，但是ts自动能能推断出其类型：类型推断

//类型断言：<> & as
let someValue: any = 'string'
let num1: number = (<string>someValue).length
let num2: number = (someValue as string).length