感知机

来源于机器学习

import numpy as np
class Perceptron(object):
    """Perceptron classifier.
    Parameters
    ------------
    eta : float
    Learning rate (between 0.0 and 1.0)
    n_iter : int
    Passes over the training dataset.
    random_state : int
    Random number generator seed for random weight
    initialization.
    Attributes
    -----------
    w_ : 1d-array
    Weights after fitting.
    errors_ : list
    Number of misclassifications (updates) in each epoch.
    """
    def __init__(self, eta=0.01, n_iter=50, random_state=1):
        self.eta = eta
        self.n_iter = n_iter
        self.random_state = random_state
    def fit(self, X, y):
        """Fit training data.
        Parameters
        Training Simple Machine Learning Algorithms for Classification
        ----------
        X : {array-like}, shape = [n_samples, n_features]
        Training vectors, where n_samples is the number of
        samples and
        n_features is the number of features.
        y : array-like, shape = [n_samples]
        Target values.
        Returns
        -------
        self : object
        """
        rgen = np.random.RandomState(self.random_state)
        self.w_ = rgen.normal(loc=0.0, scale=0.01,
        size=1 + X.shape[1])   # 初始化权重
        self.errors_ = []
        for _ in range(self.n_iter):
            errors = 0
            for xi, target in zip(X, y):   # zip()返回的一个tuple
                update = self.eta * (target - self.predict(xi))
                self.w_[1:] += update * xi  # 更新权重
                self.w_[0] += update   # 为什么常数项是update
                errors += int(update != 0.0)
            self.errors_.append(errors)
        return self
    def net_input(self, X):
        """Calculate net input"""
        return np.dot(X, self.w_[1:]) + self.w_[0]   # 计算后的值
    def predict(self, X):
        """Return class label after unit step"""
        return np.where(self.net_input(X) >= 0.0, 1, -1)  # 其实就是 计算得到的Y值